Abstrak: Tulisan mengurai kondisi dana Mbojo (bima) pra Islam dalam tinjauan historis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan pendekatan historis, antropologi dan sosiologi. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian juga menggunaka studi kepustakaan (library research) melalui data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari BO' Sangaji Kai, dokumen dan peninggalan lain yang otentik, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari buku-buku, jurnal, artikel, skripsi dan tesis. Adapun data yang telah diperoleh diolah dan dianalisis secara mendalam.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa daerah Bima telah mengalami berbagai macam bentuk pemerintahan sebelum kehadiran Islam yang diantaranya adalah masa Naka, masa Ncuhi dan masa kerajaan. Pada kurun waktu yang begitu lama masyarakat diselimuti oleh kepercayaan Makakamba, Makakimbi dan agama Hindu. Pada masa Naka taraf kehidupan masyarakat masih primitif, berpindah-pindah dari satu tempat ketempat lain dan senantiasa hidup berkelompok. Setelah posisi Naka diganti oleh Ncuhi taraf kehidupan terjadi banyak perubahan sampai berdirinya kerajaan Bima. Daerah Bima dari dulu sampai sekarang memiliki dua nama yaitu Mbojo dan Bima. Sebutan untuk Mbojo sering dipergunakan ketika menyebutnya dalam bahasa lokal untuk masyarakat Bima itu sendiri. Sedangkan Bima merupakan nama bangsawan Jawa atau tokoh yang berasal dari luar yang mampu mendamaikan konflik internal Paran Ncuhi (kepala daerah) sehingga namanya diabadikan menjadi nama daera Bima. Dan dalam sejarahnya sebutan Mbojo itu merupakan panggilan Sang Bima untuk isterinya (Bojonya) kemudian diabadikan menjadi nama daerah Mbojo.
The purpose of this study was to clear analyze the existence of Fort Rotterdam and its preservation after the Bongaya agreement in Makassar. This study uses the steps in writing history, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation and becomes a historiographical work with the literature study method. The results of this study indicate that First, Ujung Pandang Fortress have built by the Kingdom of Gowa to defend the greatness and dignity of the Gowa kingdom from colonial threats. This fort is one of the guard forts of the main fortress of Somba Opu, which is the center of the Kingdom of Gowa. After the Gowa kingdom lost the Makassar war and confirmed by the Bongaya Agreement on 18 November 1667, the Ujung Pandang fort fell into the hands of the VOC (Netherlands Indies Trade Association) and changed its name to Fort Rotterdam and as a spice-trading center from east to west. Second, the preservation of the fort after the Bongaya Agreement, namely during the Japanese occupation. The fort have used as a center for language and agricultural research activities, after that in 1973 after independence the fort changed its function as the National Institute of Antiquities and Heritage, which is currently known as the Cultural Heritage Conservation Center and Museum La Galigo.
<p align="center">Abstract</p><p><em>This research discussed in this paper the elements of local wisdom in the traditional art of Ma’balendo during the harvest party in Belopa, Luwu Regency. The goal of this research is to reveal the importance of local wisdom in the Ma’balendo traditional art form.</em></p><p><em>The findings of this study can be used to manage life, build and organize the Luwu community's culture and civilization. Furthermore, this research can be used as a reference for future research studying Luwu's culture and development.</em></p><p><em>This research is field research intended to gather and analyze the data qualitatively. It addressed the issues using historical, anthropological, and hermeneutic approaches. The data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data processing and analysis technics used data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification.</em></p><p><em>The results of this research indicate that the traditional art of Ma’balendo, as the original ancestral heritage of the Luwu people, is an art performance with farming activities as its theme. The art contains many peculiarities and uniqueness, even the art is full of local wisdom, among others; 1) spiritual dimension, 2) social and community dimension, 3) educational and moral dimension, 4) gender relation dimension in people's lives, and 5) art or entertainment dimension.</em></p><p><em>This research differs from the earlier research, yet the findings will fill in the gaps and contribute to the content of the prior studies. Additionally, the findings of this study can be used as a reference for future research.</em></p><p class="07AbstrakInggris"> </p>
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