The aerospace industry is mostly focused on complex, low production volume as the components are often known with complicated internal geometries and dimensions. Heavy market competitions and restrictions in high manufacturing cost could be overcome with additive manufacturing (AM). AM has received notable attention in its ability to produce customized metal parts and exhibiting top-notch capabilities that would lead the AM industry in the future. Nonetheless, in producing trusted, high-quality products, characteristics of metal powders should be accounted so it would meet proper quality such as powder morphology, particle size distribution, porosity, and powder’s ability to flow. SEM, OM, laser diffraction and rheometer are suggested in studying the powder’s characteristics. All characterization methods found are used practically. These characteristics are important to assess AM quality. Comparison in different aerospace materials is studied to get the actual material combination in getting an optimum metallurgical bond between the substrate and molten pool of the powders. Therefore, characterization methods of 3D metal additive and characteristics of aerospace materials are evaluated and presented systematically.
One of the most favoured material in bone tissue engineering field nowadays is hydroxyapatite (HA), which is also known to be bioactive and has a similar composition to human bone. However, developing an artificial bone or bone graft using biocompatible HA is a challenging task due to the lower strength of the main substance. To improve the mechanical properties of synthetic HA, introduction of metallic substance such as magnesium (Mg) into HA has been proposed. In this present study, 0, 10 15 wt% of magnesium hydroxyapatite (MgHA) nanopowders were prepared by a simple wet precipitation method. These nanopowders were then compacted using a 10-ton compression uniaxial press machine with 150 MPa pressure to form a disc shape of dense MgHA. After that, the MgHA discs were sintered at a temperature of 1000 °C and 1100 °C to remove the organic compounds and further densify the ceramics. XRD results showed that the crystallinity of MgHA increased when the sintering temperature increases. The compression test showed that the 10 wt% MgHA sample recorded the highest compressive strength (243.59 MPa) when sintered at 1100 °C, while pure HA has the lowest value with 49.37 MPa. This study also demonstrates that sintering temperature at 1100 °C gives significant improvement to the mechanical properties of the MgHA dense bodies compared to sintering at 1000 °C.
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