Chlorhexidine and its preparations are more potent antibacterial agents against E. faecalis in comparison to calcium hydroxide.

Aims/Objectives:The objective of this in vitro study is to compare the sealing ability of Ketac-Endo and Acroseal.Materials and Methods:Seventy teeth were selected and sectioned at the cementoenamel junction. The teeth were cleaned and shaped, and they were divided into five different groups. Group1: 20 teeth in which the smear layer was left intact using sodium hypochlorite. Group 2: 20 teeth in which the smear layer was removed using 17% EDTA. Group 3: 20 teeth in which the smear layer was removed using 17% EGTA. These groups (1, 2, and 3) were further subdivided into two subgroups (a and b) by obturation utilizing lateral condensation with Gutta-percha and Acroseal (subgroup “a”) or Ketac-Endo (subgroup “b”). The subgroups contained 10 teeth each. Group 4: 5 teeth that were instrumented but not obturated. Group 5:5 teeth that were neither instrumented nor obturated. The specimens were immersed in methylene blue dye, and microleakage was assessed using a stereomicroscope.Results:The data was analyzed using one way analysis of variance and student's t-test.Conclusion:17% EGTA is a better and potent alternative to 17% EDTA for smear layer removal. Acroseal sealer has less microleakage as compared with Ketac-Endo. Sealing ability of Acroseal sealer is better when it is used in conjunction with 17% EGTA.

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Aim:The present study involved the in vitro comparison of root reinforcing abilities of two sealers, i.e., Ketac-Endo and Acroseal, in endodontically treated teeth in the presence and absence of smear layer.Materials and Methods:Fifty teeth were taken and sectioned at the cementoenamel junction. The teeth with faults were discarded and a total of 36 teeth were used for study. The samples were biomechanically prepared using step-back technique. In 10 teeth, the smear layer was preserved using sodium hypochlorite. Smear layers were removed from 10 teeth using 17% EDTA, and in another 10 samples, the smear layers were eliminated using 17% EGTA. The remaining samples served as controls. Samples were obturated with sealers using the lateral condensation technique. Ketac-Endo (3M) is a glass ionomer based root canal sealer, and Acroseal (Septodont) sealers were used. The teeth were then tested by using an Instron testing machine.Results:Ketac-Endo shows higher fracture resistance values in comparison to Acroseal. Other factors as the amount of tooth structure remaining, the agents used for the removal of smear layer and instrumentation techniques may alter the tooth resistance to fracture.Conclusion:Ketac-Endo shows higher fracture resistance values in comparison to Acroseal.

Aim: The main aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial effect of Silver nanoparticle gel alone and combination of silver nanoparticle gel with various medicaments. Materials and Methods: Intracanal dressings: Group 1 –Silver Nanocure gel, Group 2 - Silver Nanocure gel+ Cavisept gel(1:1),Group 3- Silver Nanocure gel+ Aveu-Cal gel(1:1) ,Group 4 – Silver Nanocure gel +Cavisept gel +Aveu-Cal gel(1:1:1) were taken on a culture plate inoculated with E.faecalis . Antibacterial activity was assessed using Agar diffusion test and results were noted as diameter of growth inhibition zone. Statistical Analysis: Student t –test was used to analyse results. Results: The diameter of combination of Silver nanocure gel+Cavisept +Aveu-Cal gel(1:1:1) was highest in comparison to other medicaments tested. Conclusion: Intracanal dressing with a combination of all the three {Silver nanocure gel+Cavisept +Aveu-Cal gel(1:1:1) } is the best treatment for elimination of highly resistant Enterococcus faecalis in root canals.

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Background: The success of the root canal treatment depends on the complete elimination of the microflora, biofilms and smear layer from the pulp space. A wide variety of chemical endodontic irrigants are available to achieve disinfection and thorough debridement besides mechanical means. However, detrimental properties such as allergic potential, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial resistance and safety concerns have intrigued researchers over the years to look for safer options. Aim: The review is aimed at providing comprehensive information of the studies evaluating the efficacy of Azadirachta indica A. juss ( A. indica ), Morinda citrifolia L. ( M. citrifolia ) and Triphala (fruits of Emblica officinalis Gaertn., Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Roxb. and Terminalia belerica Retz.) as herbal endodontic irrigants. Materials and methods: The literature review was conducted using indexed databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane) electronically for publications in peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles evaluating the efficacy of A. indica, Triphala, M. citrifolia as endodontic irrigant from the year 1985-March 2020. Results: A total of 58 studies were identified for full text reviewing after duplicate removal and screening title and abstracts. A total of 32 studies were included and processed for data extractions. Conclusion: Various in-vitro/in-vivo studies utilizing these herbal irrigants have documented promising results and hold the potential to replace chemical endodontic irrigants in routine practice but more preclinical and clinical trials are needed to substantiate these results before they can conclusively be recommended as intracanal irrigating solutions.