Objective: Despite public health campaigns based on Fe and folic acid supplements, Fe-deficiency anaemia remains highly prevalent among women in India. We investigated leaf concentrate as an alternative to Fe and folic acid supplements for treating anaemia in adolescent girls. Design: Randomised controlled two-arm trial over 3 months: one group received daily Fe and folic acid (IFA; 60 mg Fe, 500 mg folic acid); the other daily leaf concentrate (LC; 5 mg Fe, 13 mg folic acid). Hb concentration, mean cell volume, serum Fe, serum ferritin and total Fe-binding capacity were measured pre-and post-intervention. Setting: Jaipur, India. Subjects: One hundred and two adolescent girls aged 14-18 years. Results: Of the 102 girls randomized to the two arms of the trial, four (3?9 %) were severely anaemic (Hb , 7 g/dl), twenty-eight (27?5 %) were moderately anaemic (Hb $ 7 g/dl, ,10 g/dl) and seventy (68?6 %) were mildly anaemic (Hb $ 10 g/dl, ,12 g/dl). In the IFA group, eleven girls (20?4 %) withdrew due to side-effects, compared with one girl (2?1 %) in the LC group (P 5 0?005). Total losses to followup were 14/54 in the IFA group and 2/48 in the LC group. At the end of the trial, none of the eighty-six remaining girls were severely anaemic, nine (10?5 %) were moderately anaemic and twenty-six (30?2 %) were mildly anaemic; fifty-one (59?3 %) had normal Hb levels ($12 g/dl). After adjustment for baseline values, LC was as effective as IFA in improving serum Fe parameters and treating anaemia. Conclusions: Leaf concentrate is an effective, and more palatable, alternative to Fe and folic acid supplements for treating anaemia in adolescent girls.
Chronic diabetes among adults is a public health concern and clinicians are trying to implement new strategies to effectively manage the disease. Traditionally, healthcare professionals are used to monitor and track the lab reports of patients. After that, they used to provide respective medicines and lifestyle plans to manage the chronic disease. The lifestyle of the patients and access to safe and secure food products is also responsible for developing chronic diseases. Thus, the Internet of Things (IoT) has taken an utmost interest in managing diabetes. This research is going to analyze the accuracy of IoT in assisting chronic diabetes management and determining food safety. To accomplish the research objectives, the researchers performed a linear regression analysis to understand whether IoT devices and Artificial Intelligence (AI) assist in assessing food safety and diabetes management. The independent variables selected were lab test values, treatment records, epoch size of AI, and image resolution of the training dataset. Dependent variables were the accuracy of IoT. Here, the accuracy of IoT and AI has been determined. Moreover, the accuracy of clinicians in diabetes management has been observed. It has been found that clinicians have high variance in accuracy (max 99%) whereas machines have limited variance in accuracy (max. 98%). Secondary research identified that clinicians need to be involved along with IoT devices for better management of this chronic disease and help patients by providing the safest food options.
Nutrition research is achieving new paradigms through recent advances in the field of Nutrigenomics. The application of genomic principles for the identification of relationships between certain specific nutrients with genetic factors is termed “Nutrigenomics”. This knowledge is essential to understanding the risk factors behind diet-related chronic degenerative diseases, which further helps resolve the underlying mechanism of genetic predisposition. Advances in Sciences associated with the study of genes have assisted in developing a deep insight into genetic variants, and gene expression patterns to work out therapeutic responses toward chronic degenerative diseases associated with Public Health. To appraise recent advances in Nutrigenomics with its application in Public health several databases including Pub Med, Google Scholar, Medline etc were investigated in detail. A total of 72 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles were included in this review paper. Nutrigenomics has an important role in comprehending how homeostatic control is maintained and the way metabolic pathways are influenced by nutrient intake. The knowledge of Nutrigenomics helps in working out personalized nutrition strategies for both prevention and management of the diseased situation. The present review article aims to investigate and present a piece of in-depth information about the latest Advances in Nutrigenomics and its application in public health.
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