In this article we have reviewed antenatal care according to Ayurveda and Modern Science. In all Granthas many references have been citied regarding Garbhini Paricharya. Ayurveda gives more importance to diet for a healthy living, hence all kinds of Paricharya comprises focuses mainly on dietary habits. According to various Acharyas, Garbhini Paricharya is a systemic supervision undertaken in order to ensure proper nutrition of mother and fetus, its full growth and no defects in it along with no complications and pleasant delivery. Normal diet and mode of lifestyle of pregnant women, Garbhopaghatakar bhava (Contraindicated diet and mode of life or factors which harm fetus), Garbhasthapak dravya (drugs which useful for maintenance of pregnancy) are major aspects of Garbhini Paricharya. According to Modern Science Antenatal Care is a type of preventive health care. Antenatal Care includes prenatal screening and diagnosis to rule out and prevent maternal death, miscarriages, birth defects, low birth weight, neonatal infections and other problems. So Antenatal Care should be done in integrated way i.e., as per Modern science and as described in Ayurveda.
Aim: To study the efficacy and clinical safety of Prishniparni ghanavati in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (Prameha in Garbhini). Methodology: The study was conducted on 20 patients, Prishniparni ghanavati 500 mg twice daily, with warm water. This study was conducted at Bharati Ayurveda hospital during 2020-2022. It was a randomized, open-control trial study. Patients with raised DIPSI (Diabetes in pregnancy societies of India), i.e., above 140 mg/dl and below 200 mg/dl, were included in this study. Results: A total of 31 patients were evaluated in this study. Out of which, 30 were recruited and 20 patients completed. A total of two patients dropped out due to factors like the covid-19 pandemic, irregular follow-up, etc. The herbal medicine was tolerated well in trial group patients. Conclusions: In this study, it is proved that prishniparni could be the choice of the herb in these cases. Prishniparni proved effective in managing GDM if the BSL is less than 200. All patients well tolerated the herb. The side effects are not observed in this study.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder during pregnancy. It is defined by WHO as carbohy-drate intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia of variable severity with onset or first recognition during preg-nancy. The entity usually present late in second and third trimester. The factors which constitute good health, i.e. balanced Dosha, Dhatu and Mala, optimally functioning Indriyas or sense organs, a happy con-tented soul and a balanced mind are the very factors that go towards a smooth pregnancy, labour and healthy progeny and this is what Ayurveda treatment focuses on. Pregnancy is a particular time for all women. This condition becomes even more delicate when there is diagnosis of GDM which makes neces-sary controls and therapies that will inevitably affect the women’s life. GDM can lead to potential risk for mother, fetus and child’s development. There is no direct reference of GDM in Ayurveda. But we get ref-erence of Garbhavriddhi excessive increase in size of abdomen and perspiration. Garbhavriddhi or mac-rosomia condition can be interpreted as complication of GDM. In current scenario GDM in pregnancy is one of the major complications during pregnancy. Overt maternal diabetes mellitus can adversely influence intrauterine development. Spontaneous abortions and major congenital anomalies may be induced in the first trimester. Excessive foetal growth, neonatal hypoglycemia, still birth may be induced during second and third trimester. Gestational Diabetes may lead to gangrene, damage of retina, kidneys. If diabetes is not properly controlled, then in the long run fat gets deposited on inner layer of arteries and the possibilities of occurrence of paralysis increase. Complications of diabetes include eye problems and blindness, heart dis-ease, stroke, neurological problems, amputation, and impotence It is needed to cure maternal diabetes as soon as it is diagnosed. Adopting pre-conceptional and thorough antenatal care through Ayurveda; this aims that a woman enters pregnancy in healthy state of body and mind. While describing Garbhadhan vidhi acharyas have advised certain body purifying measures (Sanshodhana karma) followed by special dietet-ics and mode of life for the couple. Ayurveda focuses on change in lifestyle of the Garbhini which helps in maternal health and fetal growth minimizing the complications related to pregnancy. Ayurveda efforts of having healthy baby commences with pre-conception care and management. Pre-conception counselling, Diet, Herbs, Yoga, Asanas are useful as a supportive therapy together with modern medication under su-pervision. The best way to improve your diet is by eating a variety of healthy foods. Various vegetables, pulses, spices, cereals, fruits, dry fruits are helpful in GDM patients. Daily 20 mins walk is also helpful. Ayurvedic herbs like Guduchi, Amalaki, Haritaki, Haridra, Bilva, Neem, Jamun are also useful in GDM. They are having antidiabetic, antioxidant properties. Tinospora Cordifolia are potential therapeutics that act as anti-diabetic drug in the prevention and treatment of GDM. Metformin is safe and effective drug in treatment of GDM. Combination of metformin, diet, Ayurvedic herbs, preconception counselling, Yoga, Pranayama and meditation can give best result in GDM.
In developing countries one of strongest predators of adverse pregnancy outcome is due to low Body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy. Low BMI in early stage of pregnancy increases the risk of: Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR), miscarriage, Premature birth, low birth rate, birth asphyxia, anemia and increased perinatal mortality rates, etc. Ayurveda and modern science both have given a detailed regimen and a proper management throughout the pregnancy for better nourishment of mothers and their foetus.
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