Rasmussen's aneurysm is a very uncommon condition occurring in post-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. We are presenting a case of a young male patient with the chief complaints of hemoptysis, breathlessness on exertion, cough with expectoration and fever, and weight loss. A thorough radiological examination revealed multiple cavitary lesions, bronchiectasis, tree-in-bud appearance and pulmonary nodules, and areas of air-spaced opacities, indicating a likely diagnosis of post-primary pulmonary tuberculosis with stages of active infection and healed infection. The post-contrast study revealed a well-defined dilated vascular channel arising from a branch of the right pulmonary artery indicating pseudo-aneurysm formation, i.e., Rasmussen's aneurysm, within a large cavity in the right middle lobe. The patient underwent emergency trans-arterial embolization successfully and he was stable postoperatively.

BackgroundPancytopenia is more of a manifestation of a spectrum of underlying diseases affecting the bone marrow. Specific treatment relies solely on early diagnosis and identification of the accurate etiology. We aimed to generate data on the clinical and etiological profiles of patients diagnosed with pancytopenia. Materials and methodsFifty patients more than 13 years of age with pancytopenia who reported to a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Thorough clinical examination, hematological investigation, and bone marrow biopsies were performed, and relevant data were recorded and analyzed statistically. ResultsPancytopenia was most common in the age group of 25-34 years, with a male preponderance. The most common presenting complaints were fatigue and fever, with pallor present in all patients, followed by splenomegaly and hepatomegaly in a few patients. Aplastic anemia is the most common cause of pancytopenia, followed by megaloblastic anemia and leukemia. ConclusionWhile fatigue and fever are the most usual symptoms of pancytopenia, clinical pallor, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly may be evident. Among the several etiologies, aplastic anemia is one of the most common causes of pancytopenia.

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Rasmussen's encephalitis is a very rare type of chronic inflammatory disease of the brain. We report a case of a nine-year-old male patient who presented with seizures and cognitive impairment for six years. An MRI of the brain revealed significant cerebral hemiatrophy. The patient was on immunoglobulin therapy. We also engage in a review of the existing literature on Rasmussen's encephalitis.

Chondrosarcoma of sternal origin is extremely rare. Here, we present the case of a 59-year-old male who presented with gradually increasing swelling and pain over the left sternoclavicular joint which was diagnosed as chondrosarcoma of sternal origin. We also present a review of the relevant literature.