Results obtained so far on the C3 polymorphism suggest that the system should be a valuable marker in population studies. The instability of the complement component C3 may, however, cause some practical problems in population genetic fieldwork, since a certain fraction of serum samples may be difficult to type with certainity due to storage alterations. Studies of the conversion rate and the concentration of C3 have shown that there is no significant difference between the phenotypes. And furthermore, the fact that there is good agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg distribution indicates that the conversion has had no appreciable selective effect on the phenotype distribution (Brönnestam et al., 1971).

Context of the study: Low lying placenta alarms obstetrician about antepartum haemorrhage which is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in India. The incidence is increasing with availability of antenatal scan, elderly mothers, repeated usage of dilatation and curettage and high rate of Caesarean sections in tertiary hospitals. AIM OF THIS STUDY was to find out the incidence of placental migration in the present study and factors influencing the same. SETTING AND DESIGN: The study was done in Kolkata Medical College during July 2007 to June 2008. It was a prospective longitudinal study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 726 antenatal mother was attended in this study at Kolkata Medical College. Sixty mothers had low lying placenta by transabdominal scan confirmed by transvaginal scan. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were put on Microsoft excel chart. Percentage and p value were calculated using statistics software Epi info. RESULTS: The incidence of low lying placenta in our study was 8.26%.Subsequent sonography at four weeks interval showed placenta was moving more than three centimeter from internal os among 41 mothers. The rate of placental migration was 68.3% in the present study. The prevalence of placenta praevia at term was 2.61%. Age had no relationship but increasing parity of mother and increasing number of abdominal deliveries had direct relationship with low lying placental incidence. When the distance between leading edge of placenta and internal os was less than 1.5 centimeter, placental migration was not seen. About 88.23% cases placental migration was seen when the distance was more than 2 centimeter. Posterior placenta had more rate of migration (81.81%) than anterior. CONCLUSION: Migration of low lying placenta was influenced by maternal age, parity, mode of delivery and position of the placenta.

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Abstract2,596 Aroras and 2,629 Khatris comprising six endogamous groups of the Punjabis have been studied for A1A2BO blood groups and secretion of ABO(H) group specific substances. The values of chi‐square and the genetical difference (G2) among these groups do not show statistically significant differences in these groups regarding the genetical characters studied. There is a closer affinity between Beri and Bunjahi on the one hand and Uttaradhi and Dhakhandian on the other and also between Uttaradhi and Khukhran; Dhakhandian and Sareen show a great difference among themselves as well as with other groups. The comparison of ABO blood group distribution and secretor factor among the different populations of India show that the distribution is similar among the North Indians.

I3S SAMPLE TIME IN MIN Fig. 1 Glucose tolerance test in patients and controls (mean ± S.D.

Summary: The study of the biochemical constituents of amniotic fluid is essential in the diagnosis of fetal disorders which result in high concentrations of metabolites in the fetal serum, that can be detected by amniotic fluid examination. The present study is based on the estimations of total protein concentration in the amniotic fluid of normal pregnancies at different gestational weeks. The total protein concentrations, determined by the method of Lowry et al (1951), revealed a characteristic trend during different gestations, with a progressive rise from the 12th week till the 24th week, and then a gradual decline from the 30th week till the 40th week of gestation. Thus, in the third trimester, the total protein decreased with advancement of pregnancy, indicating an inverse relationship with gestational age.