Проводились экспериментальные исследования по изучению влияния сырой нефти, газоконденсата (ГК), бурового раствора (БР) и бурового шлама (БШ) на зоопланктон (калянипеды), на растительные пигменты фитопланктона, на сапрофитную микрофлору, а также на представителей ихтиофауны Каспия. Conducted experimental studies on the effect of crude oil, gas condensate, drilling muds and cuttings on the zooplankton, on the plant pigments of phytoplankton, on the saprophytic microflora, as well as on representatives of ichthyofauna of the Caspian sea. Ключевые слова: Зооплангтон, ихтиофауна, газоконденсат, буровой шлам, сапрофитная микрофлора.
The optimal time interval of poultry waste fermentation for the nutrient medium preparation and increasing the cyanobacteria S. platensis production characteristics were established. The processing of poultry farm waste consisted in the preparation of model wastewater-water manure chicken extract (MCE) at different intervals of its fermentation (3, 21 and 30 days). For the first time, a comparative assessment of the S. platensis kinetic characteristics depending on the method of organic extract preparation (terms of chicken manure fermentations) was carried out. Fermentation of the MCE for 3 days provides the maximum kinetic characteristics of microalgae at all investigated extract concentrations. The minimum S. platensis growth characteristics were obtained using a 10% MCE after 21 and 30 days of fermentation. It was shown that at the MCE concentrations in cultivators of 20–30%, the maximum crop yield was higher than in the control by 11–15%. At the same time, it is possible to significantly reduce the material costs for the classical nutrient media preparation using mineral salts. The use of waste water from poultry farms as nutrient media for microalgae growing will solve the ecological problem of environmental pollution and reduce the cost of microalgae products several times.
The production of microalgae biomass on agricultural waste has a high potential, which is associated both with solving a number of environmental problems and also with obtaining a commercial effect. The purpose of the research is to determine the production characteristics of Chlorella sorokiniana microalgae when grown under different light conditions on a nutrient medium prepared on the basis of chicken manure. The research was carried out in the laboratories of the Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center in 2020–2021. The object of the study is a culture of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana (IPPAS C-1). Chicken manure in terms of dry weight contained 3.82 % of total nitrogen, 1.93 % – phosphorus, 55.26 % – organic matter. The toxic elements were within acceptable limits. A distinctive feature of the method of preparing a nutrient medium based on manure was its use without preliminary fermentation at a dose of 7 g/l. Photobioreactors with a volume of 5 liters of closed type with constant artificial lighting and 20 liters of open type with natural lighting were used for work. The culture layer for all variants of the experiment was 0.15 m. Artificial lighting was represented by HPS 150 W and energy-saving LED Aquael 10 W lamps. Illumination under artificial lighting was 20 and 40 klx, under natural lighting – 36 and 70 klx. When comparing different lighting sources, it was found that the use of a nutrient medium based on chicken manure made it possible to obtain a culture of Chlorella sorokiniana with a cell density from 38.67 to 62.66 million ml-1 under LED lighting, from 43.67 to 76.67 million ml-1 under HPS lighting and from 17.33 to 41.33 million ml-1 under natural lighting. Considering the three types of lighting, it should be noted that the most optimal way of Chlorella sorokiniana cultivation is on chicken manure under natural and LED lighting. Variants with a HPS lighting system were more energy-intensive even though they had a higher cell density.
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