Thing. The significance of the study is associated with high prevalence of inflammatory diseases of paradontium and a variety of medications used for systemic treatment of the said pathology. Searching effective approaches aiming to achieve a required and adequate therapeutic effect excluding complications from unwanted effects and toxic side effects of systemic medications assumes the priority application of local delivery systems. Objective ― to study available literature data on local drug delivery systems as film forming transmucoid therapeutic systems in periodontology. Methodology. The study was based on searching and examination of scientific publications on film forming transmucoid therapeutic systems in databases of PubMed, eLIBRARY, Scopus, Web of Sciens, Medline. The materials were searched by the key words. Results. The review presents research data of different authors, explains the definition of transmucoid therapeutic systems, offers main classifications, describes methods of manufacture of polymer film systems and their characteristics, gives some variants of matrix membrane transport and the most popular representatives of the basement membrane. Conclusions. Studying literature helped to identify the diversity of the range, characteristics and advantages of applying transmucoid therapeutic systems used to treat inflammatory diseases of paradontium. Further detailed polymer researches focused to maintain chemical stability, specifics of diffusion, metabolism, solubility and dose-limiting toxicity are intended to increase safety and efficacy of applied local polymeric film delivery systems.
Subject. Oral malodour (halitosis) in patients with periodontal disease. Objectives. To study and review the literature on local (dental) and general (internal diseases) factors causing halitosis in patients with periodontal disease. Conclusion. The present literature review provides a sufficient basis to state that the problem of halitosis is relevant; there is presented the overview of developed classifications and identified combinations of main causes of halitosis linking the extent of ozostomia to oral hygiene status and gingival hemorrhage. By modern molecular genetic technologies (polymerase chain reaction and 16S ribosomal RNA gene chipping), advances have been made in understanding the main role of uncultivated anaerobic oral pathogens associated with halitosis. The materials of this literature review help to get the complex idea of the problem of halitosis in patients with inflammatory periodontal disease and can be used by dental clinicians in health care practice.
Subject. The subject of this research is the dental health status and related diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Objective. The objective of this research is to determine specific characteristics of defeat teeth and periodontal tissues, as well the clinical course of periodontitis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Methodology. In a clinical examination of elderly women (aged 55–65) with periodontal inflammation and during their follow-ups at the stage of supporting therapy, three groups were formed (each with 20 subjects). The first group consisted of patients with Type II diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis; the second group consisted of osteoporotic patients; the third (reference) group consisted of patients who were the same age and considered themselves practically healthy at case control studies with follow-ups and periodontal inflammation in remission. Results and discussion. DMFT index was 19.6 ± 2.35 for the patients in the first group, 1.31 times lower for the patients in the second group and 1.38 times lower for the patients in the third group. Russel’s periodontal index was 3.5 ± 0.8 in the first group, 1.46 times lower in the second group and 1.84 lower in the third group. Conclusion. The research found the direct correlation between defeat teeth and more aggressive periodontitis in the patients with Type II diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Specific characteristics of defeat teeth are determined by higher Green-Vermillion oral hygiene indices, higher caries intensity with specific prevalence of “D” in both DMFT and DMFS indices. Increasing saliva viscosity decreases patient adaptation and adversely impacts on the organs of the oral cavity in the group of women with Type II diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis.
Subject. The role of vitamin D in maintaining oral health. Objectives. To review literature on the role of vitamin D in maintaining oral health. Methodology. This literature review is based on analysis of published research reports on effects of vitamin D on oral health. Using key words, research studies published in the past five years with the most comprehensive explanations of the role of vitamin D and its metabolites in the body are selected on such e-resources as PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Elibrary, Cyberleninka. The data on secosteroid epidemiology, synthesis, metabolism, physiological effects, local effects on immune function and specific symptoms in various somatic disorders are systemized. Conclusion. Epidemiological and genetic studies confirm biological effects of vitamin D active metabolites involved in synthesis of proteins required to form oral mucosal stability and prevent pathogen penetration into subjacent tissues. The most significant is involvement of vitamin D in synthesis of antibacterial monocyte and macrophage-directed peptides ensuring reduction of risks of alveolar resorption and subsequent tooth loss. Modern concepts in this secosteroid refer to the new evidence showing availability of vitamin D activating ferment in tissues which supports intracellular or paracrine function of vitamin D out of the skeleton. The personified approach for vitamin D application as a therapeutic drug for treatment of periodontium inflammations and oral mucosa with preliminary testing of levels in blood serum will allow to develop effective approaches to maintaining people’s oral health.
Subject. Physical-chemical characteristics of the toothpaste Dentaswiss Extra Whitening and structural and optical parameters of mixed saliva before and after volunteer brushing. Objectives. To evaluate physical-chemical characteristics of the new therapeutic and prophylactic toothpaste Dentaswiss Extra Whitening together with changes in structural and optical parameters of the effected mixed saliva. Methodology. The composition and properties of the new therapeutic and prophylactic toothpaste Dentaswiss Extra Whitening are studied based on the results of physical and chemical analysis of three aqueous solutions (prepared with different concentrations) by measuring pH value, calcium ion concentration, electrical conductivity and surface tension. The study involved 32 student volunteers of both sexes (men — 11, women — 21) from the Ural State Medical University Faculty of Dentistry between the ages of 21 to 23 who were comprehensively examined including structural and optical parameters of mixed saliva before and after brushing. Results. The average pH value is 7.91±0.01, the increased calcium ion (Са2+) level is found up to 2.25 mmol/l in all three aqueous suspensions (р≤0.05). Electrical conductivity of suspensions is found to be increased and surface tension is found to be reduced uniformly with the increase in mass fraction (р≤0.05). Conclusion. The study of physical-chemical characteristics of the toothpaste Dentaswiss Extra showed positive changes in pH values, electrical conductivity and surface tension promoting the increased remineralizing properties of mixed saliva (р≤0.05).
Subject. Physicochemical properties of mouthwashes developed and produced by Svoboda Company for everyday use and oral hygiene maintenance. Objectives. To study dynamics of qualitative and quantitative physicochemical and organoleptic properties of mixed saliva in young people subjected to using hygiene and prophylactic domestic mouthwashes. Methodology. The study was carried out by Department of Therapeutic Dentistry and Propaedeutics of Dental Disease, by Department of General Chemistry of Ural State Medical University and by Department of Control Systems Modeling of Ural Federal University. The study involved 40 patients from dental student volunteers (male – 15, female – 25), the average age of volunteers was 18.50 ± 1.6 years. The patients were divided into two groups each containing 20 persons. Mouthwash 1 was a common hygiene oral rinse. Mouthwash 2 was a treatment and prophylactic oral rinse, all participants used the mouthwashes during 3 weeks. Results. The use of the reported mouthwashes contributes to increase in cleansing properties of saliva in both groups of subjects. During mouth rinse treatment, the surface tension of saliva increases. The surface tension of mixed saliva is increased by 28.9% (p ≤ 0.05) with Mouthwash 1 and by 9.5 % (p ≤ 0.05) with Mouthwash 2. The surface tension of mixed saliva of subjects of the second group becomes slightly above normal (40-60 erg/cm2; p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. The study of changes in physicochemical properties of mixed saliva in young people, volunteers of the two groups, subjected to liquid oral hygiene products, mouthwashes, during three weeks showed the following results: the treatment and prophylactic oral rinse (Mouthwash 2 with titanium glycerosolvate aquacomplex and sodium hyaluronate) promotes more adequate maintenance of the acid-base balance in the oral cavity, pH change of mixed saliva toward the alkaline and maintenance of the normal level (p ≤ 0.05) of buffer capacity which reduces the risk of dental caries.
Subject. Fear of future pain. Objectives. To assess relationship between age and fear of future pain in women who were diagnosed with osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis. Methodology. The study was carried out by the Department of Preventive Dentistry and Propedeutics of Dental Disease, Ural State Medical University, and the Department of Control Systems Modeling, Ural Federal University. First, the review of domestic and foreign research literature was carried out. Next, the group of female participants was formed to take online survey; statistical analyses of the outcomes was carried out. Then, generalization involved results and conclusions, writing a research paper. To assess fears of future pain, the patients who met the following criteria were selected: women after the age of 45 with the known history of osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis, without any psychiatric disorders, who agreed and gave their written informed consents to participate in the research study. For assessment of fears of future pain, the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ-III) was completed by the women with osteoporosis and chronic generalized periodontitis. FPQ-III consists of 30 items divided into three subscales: Fear of Sever Pain, Fear of Minor Pain, and Fear of Medical Pain. Results of FPQ-III were rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The total score (from 30 to 150) and subscale scores (from 10 to 50) were calculated for each participant. Conclusion. The study found the positive linear relation between age and fear of future severe pain in women with osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis from both age groups (p ≤ 0.05). No relation between Fear of Minor Pain and Medical Pain was found (p ≥ 0.05).
Thing. The article discusses the results of the emotional and aesthetic perception of art paintings by 80 students of three faculties of the Ural State Medical University. The correlation between the paintings of the Ural artists and the emotional status of students and their temperament is studied according to the classification of the psycho-emotional state of a person by color, individual characteristics according to the Eysenck technique and Susan Dellinger geometric test. An analysis of the results made it possible to substantiate the psychological characteristics of the personalities of the future generation of doctors. The goal is the analysis and assessment of color preference based on the type of temperament and personal qualities of students of the three faculties using the works of contemporary Ural artists. Methodology. The study was conducted at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry and Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases of the Ural State Medical University, where in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year a traditional annual exhibition of paintings by modern Ural artists was held. The study was divided into four stages: at the first - search-theoretical - a review and analysis of the literature on keywords was carried out on the resources PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Elibrary, Cyberleninka; on the second - experimental search - the goal and objectives of the study are set, the criteria are identified; on the third - empirical - diagnostics of the emotional status of the questioned students was carried out according to the classification of the psychoemotional state of the personality according to color perception, testing using two Eysenck techniques, an additional psychogeometric test was conducted to determine the psychotype of the participants in the survey; on the fourth - taxation-based - a description and systematization of the materials obtained, their processing and analysis, text design of the article are carried out. Conclusions. The results of the study can be applied in educational work in the educational process of the university and supplemented by master classes of artists at exhibitions for students.
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