Instead of relying on external anticancer factors for treatment, immunotherapy utilizes the host's own immune system and directs it against given tumour antigens. This study demonstrated that it is possible to overcome the documented immunosuppressive properties of tumour cell lysate by supplementing it with appropriate adjuvant. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)‑challenged C57BL/6 mice were treated with LLC cryo‑lysate mixed with either bacterial ghosts (BGs) generated from E. coli Nissle 1917 or B. subtilis 70 kDa protein as adjuvants. Median and overall survival, the size of metastatic foci in lung tissue and levels of circulating CD8a+ T cells were evaluated and compared to the untreated control mice or mice treated with LLC lysate alone. After primary tumour removal, a course of three subcutaneous vaccinations with LLC lysate supplemented with BGs led to a significant increase in overall survival (80% after 84 days of follow‑up vs. 40% in untreated control mice), a significant increase in circulating CD8a+ T cells (16.57 vs. 12.6% in untreated control mice) and a significant decrease in metastasis foci area and incidence. LLC lysate supplemented with B. subtilis protein also improved the inspected parameters in the treated mice, when compared against the untreated control mice, but not to a significant degree. Therefore, whole cell lysate supplemented with BGs emerges as an immunostimulatory construct with potential clinical applications in cancer treatment.
Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a major component of lipid bilayers as well as the key substrate for the eicosanoid cascades. ARA is readily oxidized, and its non-enzymatic and enzymatic oxidation products induce inflammatory responses in nearly all tissues, including lung tissues. Deuteration at bis-allylic positions substantially decreases the overall rate of ARA oxidation when hydrogen abstraction is an initiating event. To compare the effects of dosing of arachidonic acid (H-ARA) and its bis-allylic hexadeuterated form (D-ARA) on lungs in conventionally healthy mice and in an acute lung injury model, mice were dosed with H-ARA or D-ARA for six weeks through dietary supplementation and then challenged with intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for subsequent analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. Dosing on D-ARA resulted in successful incorporation of D-ARA into various tissues. D-ARA significantly reduced LPS-induced adverse effects on alveolar septal thickness and the bronchoalveolar area. Oral deuterated ARA is taken up efficiently and protects against adverse LPS-induced pathology. This suggests novel therapeutic avenues for reducing lung damage during severe infections and other pathological conditions with inflammation in the pulmonary system and other inflammatory diseases.
2 Белорусский государственный медицинский университет, Минск, Республика Беларусь 3 Минский городской клинический онкологический диспансер, Минск, Республика Беларусь МИКРООКРУЖЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕВЫХ КЛЕТОК ПРИ АДЕНОКАРЦИНОМАХ ТОЛСТОЙ КИШКИ Аннотация. В работе применен электронно-микроскопический метод для анализа клеток стромального компонента рака толстой кишки. В ходе исследования обнаружены клетки гематогенного и мезенхимального происхождения с измененными ультраструктурами. Ключевые слова: колоректальный рак, стромальное микроокружение, ультраструктурное исследование Для цитирования: Микроокружение опухолевых клеток при аденокарциномах толстой кишки / М. А. Деревянко [и др.] // Вес. Нац. aкад. навук Беларусі. Сер. мед. навук.Abstract. An electron microscopic method for analyzing the cells of the stromal component of colon cancer has been applied. During the study, cells of hematogenous and mesenchymal origin with altered ultrastructures were found.Keywords: colorectal cancer, stromal microenvironment For citation: Derevyanko M. A., Rjabceva S. N., Fridman M. V., Derevyanko I. A., Zalutskii I. V. Microenvironment of tumor cells in colon adenocarcinomas. Vestsi Natsyyanal'nai akademii navuk Belarusi. Seriya meditsinskikh navuk =
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