In modern manufacturing embroidered elements are used in such areas as implant production, rehabilitation (e.g., embroidered sensors), medical diagnostics, production of smart garments etc., where high accuracy is required to maintain the functionality of the product. Due to the influence of mechanical forces taking part in the embroidery process, the embroidery system is deformed, resulting in noncompliance of the embroidery element with the digitally designed one. Three fabrics have been selected as the objects of the research with the fiber composition of 65 % polyester and 35 % cotton, differing by weave and density. 60 × 60 mm and 6 mm wide closed circuit square-shaped embroidery elements have been used for the research. According to the performed analysis of the results, the dimensions of the closed-circuit square-shaped embroidery element have changed in comparison to that of the digitally designed one. The width of the embroidery element, which was the most adequate to the digitally designed one, was achieved in the direction of warp. The obtained results have shown that in the corners the width of the embroidery element in the directions of warp and weft is bigger than the one in the centers of the segments.
Embroidery technologies are widely applied for developing decorative elements of original design in garments, for integrating threads intended for protection into garments and other articles. Nonconformity of the shape and dimensions of the embroidered element with the designed digital image is influenced by properties of embroidery threads and fibres, by the filling type, density of stitches and other technological parameters. The objective of the paper is to explore the influence made by properties of fabrics and by the direction of stitches of the actual embroidered element on conformity of the shape with one of the designed digital image. For the research, embroidery threads of different purpose as well as three woven fabrics have been selected. For preparation of test samples, round digital images have been designed filling the embroidery area in different stitch directions. Analysis of the results of the investigations has demonstrated that the shape and dimensions of the embroidered element failed to conform to the shape and dimensions of the designed digital image in most cases. In certain cases, e.g. when the stitch direction goes towards the middle of the embroidered element, a defect, i. e. hole, is observed due to considerable concentration of stitches in the centre of the element.
In production of garments, embroidery carries out a variety of functions, one of which is the aesthetic appearance of the product improvement. The resulting defects, are seen as a negative indicator of the product quality. The discrepancy of the embroidered element to the digital design in size is a defect, which is influenced by the embroidery threads, embroidery materials properties and process parameters. The fabric sorrounded by the embroidery threads between adjancent needle penetrations inside of the embroidered element is compressed, buckling. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of the properties of embroidery threads on buckling of fabric inside of the embroidered element. For investigations specimens were prepared using different fibre composition, density and linear structure of the embroidery threads. Specimens were cut and photo-captured at the beginning, middle and end of the embroidered element. It was found, that different properties of the embroidery threads affecting on the different behavior of fabric inside of the embroidered element. The results of the investigations showed that the fabric inside of the embroidered element formed larger waves of buckling using the maximum elongation of the feedback exhibiting embroidery thread.
Today technologies of embroidery are applied for the production of composite materials, intelligent (smart) clothing or textiles as well as in medicine. In the modern production of garments, embroidery fulfils decorative, informative, and safety functions. The possible best quality of the embroidered element has to be ensured. The woven fabric covered with embroidery threads is compressed and buckled between the needle pricks. Such effects may result not only in relaxation processes in the embroidery threads after the embroidery process but may also affect the properties of the embroidered material. The behaviour of the material inside an embroidered element may result in the thickness of the material and influence its structure, bending rigidity, formability, shear stiffness, etc. Our aim was to investigate the buckling of materials with different physical properties inside embroidered elements. For investigations woven fabrics with different structure and mechanical properties and polyester embroidery threads were selected. The digital design (width 6 mm, length 60 mm) was generated applying Wilcom Embroidery Software 2006 Software Package. An automated embroidery machine Barudan BEVT-Z901CA was used to prepare the specimens. Embroidering process speed of 700 stitches per minute was applied. Six test specimens were embroidered in the warp and weft directions. The investigation showed that fabric structure indicators such as linear filling and linear porosity influence the formation of the height and shape of the buckling waves inside the embroidered element.
Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to investigate the non-uniformity of the surface where textile fabric systems were joined using embroidery with the help of the system dimensional scanning. Design/methodology/approach -To ascertain and evaluate surface non-uniformity and puckering of the embroidered elements dimensional 3D laser scanner was used. The dimensional 3D model of the embroidered element was imported into the software package RapidformTM and returned to the beginning of the coordinate system for the puckering analysis and evaluation. Findings -The obtained results have shown that when embroidering an element it is important to evaluate the direction of stitches with consideration to the fabric because when elements are performed in different fabric direction their quality can be different. The embroidered elements that were performed on more lightweight fabrics have bigger surface non-uniformity. The greatest inadequacy of shape and dimensions in the embroidered element was found for materials with the smallest value of surface density, closeness of texture and the smallest indicator of fabric surface filling. Originality/value -The proposed approach can be adjusted to investigate surface non-uniformity of embroidered elements.
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