A brief review of the literature devoted to the rare eosin-filed granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis ChurgStrauss syndrome is given. Two clinical cases of this disease are presented from the personal practice of the authors. The complexity of diagnostics was emphasized; it contributed to the fact that the disease lasted for a long time under the guise of other nosologies which later turned out to be syndromes of vasculitis ChurgStrauss. When pulmonary infiltrates occur in patients with asthma with allergic rhinitis or rhinosinusopathy in combination with high eosinophilia of peripheral blood and neurologic symptoms, it is necessary to suspect the Churg-Strauss syndrome and conduct appropriate diagnostic measures.
A brief review on respiratory damages in systemic scleroderma (SDS) is presented. The characteristic of the most frequent pathology – interstitial lung injury (ILI) is given. Pulmonary hypertension, pleural lesions, tuberculosis, secondary tumors are also described. Multispiral computed tomography in patients with SDS allows not only to identify the characteristic symptoms of ILI, but also to assess the extent of the lesion and the stage of development of the pathological process in the lungs for the timely treatment of ILI. In the two given clinical observations, lung involvement or ILI was the debut of systemic scleroderma and was ahead of other clinical symptoms of the disease; the course of alveolitis was progressive in nature, there was a significant decrease of lung volumes and an increase of fibrosis.
Antigens of the immunological synapse (IS), particularly immune checkpoint proteins, have been of great interest for decades. These antigens can be very important characteristics of B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases (B-CLD). 1-3 Identification and understanding of the underlying differences in antigens of IS in B-CLD play a significant role in understanding how tumor cells avoid T-cell immunity. 4,5 The prognosis for different B-CLDs is varied. It can be suggested that tumor B cells in various B-cell neoplasms use different mechanisms to evade the immune response. Here, we present a study of IS antigens in B-CLD. The study included 48 patients with B-CLD who previously received no specific therapy. There were 26 patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 12-with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and 10-with splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL). The median age of CLL patients was 59.5 years, MCL-56.5 years, and SMZL-60 years. CLL patients were divided into stages according to the Binet classification: A-10 patients, B-11, and C-5. MCL patients were divided according to the cytogenetic risk: intermediate-risk group included only t(11;14)-7 patients; unfavorable risk-del17p13 or p53 mutations (5 patients). Peripheral blood was collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetate tubes. Tumor cells and T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (BD FACSCanto II (BD Biosciences, USA)). Monoclonal antibody panel for B-cell analysis included CD19 PE, CD5 PerCP-Cy5.5, CD80 FITC, CD279 (PD-1) FITC, CD86 APC, CD274 (PD-L1) PE-Cy7, CD95 (FAS)
Chronobiological aspects of blood gas composition in 24 patients with COPD were studied. To achieve this goal, the gas composition of the arterialized capillary blood simultaneously with the investigation of respiratory function was studied with an interval of 6 hours over 2 days. In healthy individuals and patients with mild COPD two types of gas composition of blood biorhythm – daytime and nighttime – were found. In patients with moderate, severe and very severe disease 3 types of biorhythm of partial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension – morning time, noontime and evening time were registered. In healthy individuals and patients with mild COPD gas composition of blood was characterized by significant degrees of freedom in relation to functioning of the respiratory system, which indicated the stored processes of adaptation to changing conditions of the external and internal environment. In patients with moderate, severe and very severe COPD at the moment of acrophase of circadian rhythm of lung function maximum partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized capillary blood was observed. During the batiphaze of circadian rhythm of the respiratory system the highest values of the partial carbon dioxide tension were revealed. Thus, it was found out that with the growth of the severity of the disease in patients with COPD abnormal rhythms of blood gas composition are registered; the dependence of circadian rhythm of blood gas composition on the functioning of the respiratory apparatus increases.
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