This case points aut that elderly males are in need for careful observation during the staging procedure for lymphoma. The literature data suggest that MCL patients are in increased risk for urologic malignancies development. However, the etiologic connection between these two entities, except male gender and older age, remains unclear.

Summary Metastatic carcinomas of unknown primary origin (cancer of unknown primary-CUP) represent 3-5% of all cancers. This term includes all patients presented with metastatic disease in whom the primary site could not have been identified. Despite the use of modern and comprehensive diagnostic techniques and procedures, there is no improvement in efficacy (efficiency) of indentifying the primary site of disseminated disease. That is why a diagnostic procedure should be rational and should include the basic diagnostic examination (analyses) with the aim to define biological and clinical characteristics of diagnosed disease, as well as an optimal therapeutic approach. Although the overall prognosis of the majority of these patients is poor, it is possible, nowadays, to distinguish the subgroups of patients with favorable prognosis. Results of new basic research, better understanding of pathogenesis at the molecular level and introduction of new drugs through clinical trials suggest an advance in this disease treatment and outcome.

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Based on this survey, there is a large unmet need for the new treatment options for metastatic melanoma in Serbia. The development of national guidelines, and greater involvement in international clinical studies could lead to widening of treatment options for this chemotherapy resistant disease.

Mantle cell lymphoma has been recognized as a distinct entity from the other non-Hodgkin lymphomas in middle 1990's. It carries a worst prognosis among all mature B-cell malignancies. Cyclin D1 and recently SOX11 are the hallmarks for this disease. Even if it is highly responsive to induction treatment, it remains incurable, since it inevitably relapses. Highly aggressive approaches with stem cell transplantation can shift the survival curve for a bit, but even so the overall survival is not significantly improved in most of the cases. Small portion of patients with this heterogeneous disease have an indolent course with long-term survival. Conventional immunochemotherapy has reached its maximal possibilities, so novel target agents are absolutely warranted. The large number of ongoing early phase trials demonstrated promising results, especially emphasizing agents that target B-cell receptor. They are mostly investigated in relapsed/refractory disease, while front-line approaches with those agents need to be explored in future times.