A study of the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of a protein from the seed of Litchi chinensis was carried out. Protein was isolated by 70 % ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis. Lipase inhibitory activity of the protein was evaluated using both synthetic (p-nitrophenyl palmitate) and natural (olive oil) substrates. Protein at the final concentration of 100 µg/mL was able to inhibit 68.2 % pancreatic lipase on synthetic substrate and 60.0 % on natural substrate. Proteinaceous nature of the inhibitor was determined using trypsinization assay. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory protein was sensitive to 0.05 % trypsin treatment with the loss of 61.9 % activity. IC50 of this proteinaceous pancreatic lipase inhibitor was 73.1 µg/mL using synthetic substrate. This inhibitory protein was sensitive to pH, with the highest inhibitory activity at pH=8.0 and the lowest at pH=3.0. Protein was further analyzed using 10 % non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and, interestingly, it showed the presence of a single band of (61±2) kDa when stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. The isolated protein was finally crystallized to see its homogeneity by batch crystallization method. Crystals were well formed with distinct edges. The isolated protein showed good pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.

SummaryA study on the pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of protein from the seed of Litchi chinensis was carried out. Protein was isolated by 70 % ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis. Lipase inhibitory activity of the protein was evaluated using both synthetic (pnitrophenyl palmitate) and natural (olive oil) substrate. Protein at the final concentration of 100 µg/mL was able to inhibit pancreatic lipase with 68.15 % inhibition on synthetic substrate and 60 % inhibition on natural substrate.Proteinaceous nature of the inhibitor was determined using trypsinization assay. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory protein was sensitive to 0.05 % trypsin treatment with loss of 61.9 % activity. IC50 of this proteinaceous pancreatic lipase inhibitor was 73.099 µg/mL using synthetic substrate. This inhibitory protein was sensitive to pH with highest inhibitory activity at pH = 8.0 and lowest at pH = 3.0. Protein was further analyzed on 10 % non-reducing sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and interestingly it showed the presence of a single band of (61 ± 2) kDa stained by Commassie  Corresponding author: Phone: +9102227432890, 02227437693; Fax: 02227431094; E-mail: raman.yadav@mgmmumbai.ac.in ORCID IDs: 0000-0001-5593-7018 (Mhatre), 0000-0003-2623-1811 (Bhagit), Food Technology and Biotechnology 56 (2) 2018 www. ftb.com.hr Please note that this is an unedited version of the manuscript that has been accepted for publication. This version will undergo copyediting and typesetting before its final form for publication. We are providing this version as a service to our readers. The published version will differ from this one as a result of linguistic and technical corrections and layout editing.2 brilliant blue. Protein band was further isolated from gel which showed 98.29 % purity on highperformance liquid chromatography. Isolated protein was finally crystallized to see the homogeneity of protein by batch crystallization method. Crystals were well formed with distinct edges. Isolated protein showed good pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.

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Introduction Although hydroxyzine is widely used for symptom relief in pruritus, its clinical safety and efficacy data in the Indian setting are scarce. We conducted a study to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of hydroxyzine in the management of Indian patients with chronic pruritus in a real-world setting. Methods This was a prospective, observational, patient-reported outcomes (PRO) study in patients with chronic pruritus due to dermatological causes treated with hydroxyzine as per the clinician’s discretion for a period of up to 12 weeks. The primary outcome was improvement in quality of life from baseline, assessed using the 10-point Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) at week 12 of the study period. Secondary outcomes were improvement in the pruritus scores (5-D itch scale) at 12 weeks, improvements in the DLQI and 5-D itch scores at 2, 4 and 8 weeks and safety. Results The study included 400 patients (179 males, 221 females) from 7 dermatology centres across India. Of the 400 patients recruited, 391 patients completed at least 2 weeks of treatment. There was significant ( p < 0.0001) improvement from baseline in the DLQI scores and 5-D itch scores at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks; 189/391 (48.34%) patients had symptom relief leading to early termination. Overall, the treatment was well tolerated with a total of 11 mild-to-moderate adverse events reported during the study, which included dizziness, constipation, drowsiness, dry mouth and sedation. All events resolved without any intervention. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusion This real-world, observational, PRO study demonstrates that hydroxyzine significantly improves symptoms of pruritus and quality of life in patients with chronic pruritus due to dermatological causes over 12 weeks. Despite the sedating potential of the drug, hydroxyzine is well tolerated in real-world settings. Trial Registration CTRI/2017/06/008847. Funding Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13555-019-0293-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A new biogenic eco-friendly and simple method of synthesizing cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs) using aqueous seed extract of the food plant Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) is described. The NPs were analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Their size was in the range of 97 to 103 nm, and they exhibited enhanced antioxidant and carbonic anhydrase class 1 inhibitory activities in vitro. This method is very cost-effective and simple. These bifunctional CeO 2 NPs might find potential applications in various domains of biomedical research and in fabricating targeted pharmaceuticals.

Pancreatic lipase inhibitors prevent the breakdown of dietary fat into fatty acids, thereby reducing their absorption in the gut. This action makes them attractive for use as antiobesity drugs. Currently, a few drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for long-term use in the management of obesity. Over the last decades, studies have shown that many plants exhibit pancreatic lipase inhibitor activity in their extracts. The present review highlights the current status of our knowledge about lipase inhibitory activity in molecules derived from plant sources. We could possibly have a range of natural products derived from plants that could be of use in the treatment of obesity.

Biocompatibility of quantum dots make good candidature for in vivo and in vitro diagnostic applications. In this study biocompatible cerium oxide quantum dots (CeO2 QDs) were synthesized from proteome of Justicia adhatoda leaf using simple aqueous protocol. Synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticle possessed green colored fluorescence under UV light. Quantum yield of CeO2 QDs was found to be 31.13% and were stable for 3 month at 4 °C. The band gap was found to be 3.26 eV which was higher than the band gap of bulk material i.e., 3.19 eV. The concentration of synthesized CeO2 QDs was determined as 165.96 ppm. These quantum dots were also characterized using an UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) respectively. It displayed distinct absorbance peak at 380 nm under UV-Visible spectrum. TEM images showed monodispersity of 2–5 nm spherical shaped CeO2 QDs and higher degree of crystallinity was observed by the pattern of selected area electron diffraction. In FTIR, the stretching observed at 621.65 cm–1 is assigned to Ce-O which confirmed the CeO2QDs formation. In view of biocompability, synthesized CeO2QDs were also characterised in reference to cell toxicity. Generated CeO2QDs has not showed any toxicity to J774A.1, Raw 264.7 and 3T3 cell lines in vitro cell viability assay. Significant enhancement in antioxidant activity of synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles was observed from bulk material. This process offers plenty of advantages such as simple protocol, mild environment operation, potential for large scale commercial production of biocompatible CeO2QD. These QDs might find potential applications in both in vitro and in vivo diagnostics.

Pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect of some edible spices in light of percent inhibition, efficacy, reversibility/ irreversibility and effect of pH on inhibition is presented here. Lipase inhibitory activities of methanolic extracts of eighteen spices were evaluated. Extracts of Zanthoxylum armatum, Cinnamomum tamala, Syzygium aromaticum and Myristica fragrans were considered to be of high potency in synthetic substrate assay. Only Syzygium aromaticum showed high potency in natural substrate based lipase assay. Zanthoxylum armatum extract displayed lowest IC50 of 9.0 μg/mL. On dialysis, all extracts lost their lipase inhibitory activity indicating reversible nature of inhibition. pH significantly affected the performance of spice extracts during inhibition of pancreatic lipase. Most of the extracts lost their pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity at pH 3.0 with the exception of Brassica nigra and Cinnamomum tamala. Results showed spice are good source of pancreatic lipase inhibitor and its potential as drug for obesity can be explored by addressing various issues.