Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major health problem. Thrombocytopenia in neonates is a serious disorder affecting 1%-5% of neonates at birth and up to 50% of the neonates receiving intensive care. Neonates with this disease are at risk for hemorrhage, particularly intraventricular hemorrhage, negative neurodevelopmental outcomes and increased mortality. One of the chief reasons of neonatal thrombocytopenia is sepsis. Objectives: We aimed to explore the different grades of severity thrombocytopenia and their relationship with diverse types of organisms in blood cultures from neonatal sepsis patients highlighting their prognostic role. Methodology: This is a retrospective study of one year duration including data of culture proven neonatal sepsis patients admitted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), in Cairo University Pediatric Hospital. Results: We studied 314 neonates diagnosed with sepsis grounded on clinical signs and/or microbiological laboratory results. 171 had positive blood culture; 124 of them were Gram negative bacteria (72.5%) and 47 were gram positive ones (24.4%). Klebsiella spp. was the most repeatedly encountered organism among all positive blood cultures (n=74) (43.3%) and coagulase negative staphylococci was the most frequently isolated Gram positive bacteria (n=22) (12.9%). A total of 134 patients had thrombocytopenia; its degree of severity was ranging from mild, moderate, to severe in 101, 25, and 8 neonates, respectively. We found no association between the severity of thrombocytopenia and the type of organism in blood culture; however, thrombocytopenia was significantly higher among neonates with Gram negative blood cultures (p 0.001). Poor outcome has a statistically remarkable correlation with gestational age and reduced platelet count (p value <0.001). There is a 2.131 increased probability of developing thrombocytopenia in patients with neonatal sepsis. Conclusion:The percentage of thrombocytopenia reported in the blood culture proven sepsis episodes highlights the extent of the problem. The present study found a greater percentage of thrombocytopenia among neonates with Gram negative sepsis compared to those with Gram positive sepsis. Sepsis with Klebsiella spp. needs superior consideration regarding platelet monitoring.
BACKGROUND: Malnutrition remains a serious problem to child survival, growth, and development in underdeveloped countries. AIM: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among under-five children. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional community-based study. It was conducted on 320 mother-child pairs through household visits in Nahia; a rural village in Giza governorate, Egypt. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data regarding sociodemographic characteristic, feeding pattern, including breastfeeding and weaning practices. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height) and Hb level were measured for all the studied participants. RESULTS: The mean age of the children was 35.98 ± 15.8 months, and the mean age of mothers was 28 ± 4.6 years. Stunting was found in 16.2%, wasting in 9%, and underweight in 15.6% of children, with a total malnutrition of 79 (24.7%). Nearly half of children were anemic(51.2%). Many risk factors were contributing to malnutrition as socioeconomic status, age of mother at giving her first birth, and child birth weight. CONCLUSION: Stunting and anemia were the predominant nutritional problems among children so nutritional counseling for mothers is needed to improve feeding practices of their children.
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global crisis. The month of Ramadan has coincided with the COVID-19 crisis in 2020. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward the preventive measures during Ramadan 2020 and quarantine, among the Egyptian population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study is conducted among Egyptians ≥15 years of age. A convenience sample of 1150 responders is taken, over the period of the month of Ramadan 2020. An online self-administrated questionnaire is used and shared through social networks. KAP toward preventive measures for COVID-19 during Ramadan are assessed. RESULTS: Results show that mean scores of KAP are higher among participants >20 years, mean ± SD (3 ± 1.1, 5.6 ± 1.4, and 11.2 ± 2.6, respectively). A significant difference is found between KAP scores and age with p-values (0.012, 0.002, and 0.000, respectively). Furthermore, there is a significant difference between practices score and gender (p = 0.010). Greater Cairo has the highest KAP mean scores, in comparison with other regions, mean ± SD (3.3 ± 1, 5.8 ± 1.2, and 11.6 ± 2.5, respectively). A significant difference is recorded between urban and rural areas, regarding KAP with p-value (0.000, 0.050, and 0.000, respectively). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, low KAP scores are recorded among participants below the age of 20, and in rural areas and regions outside Greater Cairo. Low practices are associated more with males than females. The present study recommends raising awareness through the use of mass media, and health education programs that are to be directed to male members of the population, people under 20 years old, and to people residing in rural areas and in regions outside Greater Cairo, such as Upper and Lower Egypt, and border regions.
Background:High salt intake is linked to risk of development of renal disease, stomach cancer and osteoporosis.Raised BP typically present in adulthood but its origin commonly begins in childhood.The aim of this study is toassess of knowledge and practices towards salt intake among adolescents.Methods: This was a cross – sectional that carried out in Mansoura governorate. A convenience sample of 240 adolescents between 12 -17 years was taken from community recreation places and clubs. A Pre tested questionnaires were developed to assesssociodemographic characteristics, knowledge towards salt consumption, knowledge towards salt hazards and trials to control salt consumption.A modified food frequency questionnaire was used to assess their nutritional practices.Results:Nearly half of study group was aged 14-15 years(40.9%).Nearly two third of study participants was females (64.2%) and three quarter was from urban areas (75%).More than half of study group believed to consume moderate amount of salty food (57.1 %), and about half of them had good knowledge about salt harms and value of reduction of salt consumption (50.8% & 53.3% respectively),.Unfortunately majority of them did not attempt any trial of mentioned trials to control their salt intake. Only less than 50 % try to minimize outdoors food and processed food consumption. Conclusion:Although study participants knew the harm of salt consumption, unfortunately majority of them did not attempt any trial of mentioned trials to control their salt intake. Recommendations: These findings highlighted the importance of nutritional counseling among adolescents towards healthy eating practices Key words Salt Intake-Knowledge-Practices-Adolescents
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