Pregnancy requires increased iron needs, while teenage pregnancy also needs iron for growth. As a result, teenage pregnancy has an impact on the risk of stunting in their children. The purpose of this study is to prove the relationship between early marriage and the risk of stunting in children. The design of this study was observational using a cross-sectional method with a quantitative approach. The study was conducted at 8 Community Health Centers in West Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, during October-November 2018. The research sample consisted of 310 children aged 0-59 months. To find out the age at marriage, the researcher used interviews as primary data and records from Puskesmas, Office of Religious Affairs, the measurement of antopometry of stunting data or nutritional status of children under-five as secondary data. The analysis of the results used Odds Ratio and Chi-Square test of 95% confidence interval. The results from 8 health centers showed that the highest incidence of early marriage (under 20 years old) by engaging teenage pregnant who had stunting children were at the Kundi Health Center (78.6%) and Sekar Biru Health Center (83,3%). There was a significant relationship between the early married teenage and stunting in their children (OR = 1,724; 95% CI = 1,088-2,732; p = 0.020). Early marriage (under20 years old) increases the risk of stunting in children. Therefore, it is necessary to educate and regulate the marriageable age.
One of the obstacles in achieving the target of PTSL is the difficulty in integrating physical and juridical data, as effect of inefficiency of data collection. This research aims to explain the benefit of using SMART PTSL as an instrument to collect, process and integrate physical and juridical data and to test relative accuracy of area, shape and position of land parcels mapped using SMART PTSL, compared to land parcels download from Geo-KKP. Mixed method by combining quantitative and qualitative methods was implemented. The sample was determined using purposive sampling method. The results show that SMART PTSL give benefit in (a) simplify the process of physical and juridical data integration; (b) shorten the process of physical and juridical data verification; (c) simplify data entry to KKP PTSL. The result of relative accuracy comparison of area, shape and location show that from 34 land parcels, 11 parcels were meet the tolerance, while 23 parcels were not. The tolerance was calculated using equation 0,5 ?L. Moreover, the result of tolerance calculation was affected by measurement method.
Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora (L) C. Persl) is a annual herbaceous plant that usually grows on the edge of a moist wall. The leaves of the kitolod plant can be used as medicine for healing wounds, asthma, bronchitis, rheumatism and so on. Kitolod contains chemical compounds namely alkaloids namely lobelamin, isotomine and lobelin. In the leaf part of kitolod contains chemical compounds namely alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols and flavonoids. This study aims to determine the effect of boiling time on the total flavonoid content of water extract of kitolod leaves. Extraction was done by boiling, the determination of the total amount of flavonoids was carried out by the AlCl3 method and then the absorption was measured using Spectrophotometry UV-Vis with a wavelength of 431 nm. The results showed that qualitatively the samples contained flavonoids by showing red. Quantitatively the kitolod leaves are boiled with longer time, the total flavonoid content will decrease. The total flavonoid content of kitolod leaves in boiling 5 minutes obtained an average level of 0.31995% w/w or 31.9 mg/kg, boiling 10 minutes 0.25635% w/w or 25.6 mg/kg, boiling 15 minutes 0.2239% w/w or 22.3 mg/kg, boiling 20 minutes 0.17254% w/w or 17.2 mg/kg.
Zodia is a typical plant from Papua that is traditionally used by the community to repel mosquitoes. The content of essential oils in zodia leaf is linalool and α-pinena which is able to repel mosquitoes. The aim of this study was to make a formula and physical evaluation of lotions from zodia leaf extracts. Lotion of Zodia leaf was formulated using the fusion method. Evaluation of lotion preparations includes organoleptic, pH, spreadability, stickiness, viscosity and protection. The results of the lotion evaluation from leaf extract obtained F I as a placebo that organoleptic white, odorless, semisolid, PH 7, homogeneous, does not appear red stains, spreadability 6.3 cm, stickiness 2.3 seconds, viscosity 6.67. F II has a light green organoleptic, characteristic odor, semisolid, PH 7, homogeneous, does not arise red stains, spreadability 7 cm, stickiness 1.5 seconds, Viscosity 5.3. FIII has a brownish green Organoleptic, distinctive odor, semisolid, PH 7, homogeneous, does not appear red stain, spreadability 5.9 cm, stickiness 1.2 seconds, viscosity 6.0. FIV has a brownish green organoleptic, distinctive odor, semisolid, PH 6, homogeneous, does not appear red stain, spreadability 5.2 cm, stickiness 1.3 seconds, viscosity 6.33. These four has qualified physical evaluations as lotions. The Result of repellency of lotion from Zodia leaf extract against Aedes aegypty at a concentration of 25% with a repellency 75%.
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