Introduction: Patient satisfaction is an important and commonly used valid indicator for themeasurement of service quality. Patient responses to healthcare services are one of the bestways to obtain information about patient views regarding the quality of healthcare. The mainaim of the study was to find out the patient’s satisfaction level in the tertiary care center. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 outpatients at a tertiary carecenter. Data were collected after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review committee.Patients were selected conveniently who visited any four of the major department. We collecteddemographic data and the patient satisfaction towards outpatient clinic experience was studied. Weused the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire–18 to assess patient satisfaction. Data were entered andanalyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. The mean score and the standarddeviation were calculated. Results: Overall satisfaction was 74.78% with a mean value of 3.7394±0.40128. The highest satisfactionscore was found in regards to the interpersonal manner of health personnel (4.2872±0.61561) followedby communication (3.9628±0.40982) and the lowest was seen in accessibility and convenience(3.2394±0.81478). Conclusions: The mean score and percentage of patient satisfaction were high in the hospital.However, the accessibility and availability of medical personnel were only a matter of concern.

Introduction: Kathmandu valley has its unique bowl shaped topographic features due to which it is highly vulnerable to air pollution. Traffic police personnel (TPP) are at the highest risk of pollution related disease, because they are constantly exposed to the air pollution (vehicular emissions) as the nature of their occupation. The main objective of this study was to assess the mental and physical health problems among traffic police due to air pollution in the selected area of Kathmandu valley. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Kathmandu Valley among traffic police. Samples were collected from each police station of ring road area. Total sample calculated and collected was 222. Standard questionnaire for symptoms of physical problem, anxiety and stress i.e.ST-George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), Hamilton Anxiety rating scale and Perceived stress scale respectively were used to collect the data. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS v16, with descriptive statistics. Results: About 73% of traffic police were reported with anxiety while stress related problems were identified among 40.6%. Skin, respiratory and eye problems were the most common physical problems seen among traffic police. Conclusions: Traffic police in Nepal have both physical and mental health problems associated with air pollution. Hence, future interventions for the effort of reducing such problems should be prioritized, planned and implemented with generation of action plan to minimize the problem.

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Background: There seems to be huge differences in availability and utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health information and services despite of taking decisive step by Government of Nepal. The main aim of the study is to access the utilization and factors associated with SRH services among adolescents.  Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 406 adolescent students of grade 11 and 12 which were taken as census in selected higher secondary schools of Kathmandu District through simple random sampling technique. The utilization of SRH services was assessed by semi-structured validated and pretested questionnaire which includes socio-demographic, utilization of sexual health and reproductive health (SRH) services and sexual behaviours. Data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version 20 where Chi-square tests is done to identify the associated factors with utilization SRH services utilization.Results: Overall utilization in last 12 months was 17.2% and was found to be strongly associated with availability of services within 30 minutes of walking distance (p value=0.001), interaction with parents (p-value: 0.02) and with sexually being active within 12 months (p value=0.001). Utilization of SRH services was slightly higher among females (19.8%) compared to males (15.3%). Most utilized services were services related to menstrual problems and family planning including ECP. This study concludes that fear of family and society hinders the utilization of SRH services.Conclusions: As adolescent fear to talk and seek for the services, due to the social cultural norms and stigma attached to SRH services, utilization among adolescent of selected colleges in Kathmandu is low.

Background: In Nepal, the most frequent mode of payment for health care is household expenditure. It accounts for more than half of all health-care expenditures. In addition, the study intends to investigate household expenditure on health care and its coping mechanisms in Nepal's rural districts.Methods: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study in which 410 households were chosen using a multiple sampling procedure. The research study region was chosen using a purposive sampling strategy. The two wards for the study were chosen by a lottery system. The estimated households were then chosen using a systematic random selection technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was utilized to gather data, and a face-to-face interview with the household head was undertaken to obtain the data. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze all of the data.Results: The overall household health expenditure in Miklajung rural municipality was determined to be 31.7% in the previous six months, with the biggest expenditure in medicine/drugs or pharmacies, followed by in-patient care and health treatment abroad. Income/savings was discovered to be a major coping mechanism used to deal with household expenditure and was found to be significantly associated in a bivariate analysis with type of illness, age, and more with a confidence interval of 95% in a bivariate analysis.Conclusions: At the conclusion of the investigation, we discovered that people spent the most money on medicines and drugs, followed by in-patient hospital care. According to the findings, a significant portion of the target group used their income and savings to cover unexpected healthcare costs.