Chronic diseases are a major health problem and cause of death worldwide. Patients with chronic diseases should be managed by an interprofessional care team consisting of general practitioners, medical specialists, nurses, and pharmacists. However, the roles of pharmacists in this interprofessional care team have not been fully explored. This study, therefore, examined their roles as members of the interprofessional care team in managing patients with chronic diseases. A search in PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted for research articles that discussed pharmacists, interprofessional healthcare, and chronic diseases. From initial 420 identified articles, a total of 27 articles were included in this study. The interprofessional healthcare team should have a sense of tolerance and belonging among its members, which is reflected in five dimensions: partnership, coordination, cooperation, decision-making, and therapeutic outcomes. The five dimensions are closely related because they support each other in the success of the therapy. The presence of pharmacists in an interprofessional healthcare team has been proven to help facilitate access to primary care and improve patient outcomes. Pharmacists can assist in managing chronic disease conditions by providing drug information to patients and other healthcare providers and by acting as a consultant for treatment-related issues. The pharmacist's role as part of an interprofessional care team reinforces the importance of a collaborative healthcare team in providing clinical services to patients with chronic diseases.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, telepharmacy has become increasingly widely used as an alternative to pharmaceutical care by remote pharmacists. Patients with diabetes mellitus are one of the patients who get benefit the most from telepharmacy practices, which allow patients to consult without meeting face to face and minimize the risk of virus transmission. The authors conduct an assessment of the benefits and limitations of using telepharmacy that are used throughout the world and then hopes that they can become a reference in the development of telepharmacy in the future. A total of 23 relevant articles were used for analysis in this narrative review after searching for articles in three sources, including PubMed, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov, until October 2022. This narrative review shows that telepharmacy plays an important role in improving clinical outcomes, patient therapy adherence and reduce the number of patient visit and hospitalization, but telepharmacy also has limitations in its use related to security and privacy, as well as pharmacist intervention that has not been maximized. However, telepharmacy has great potential to facilitate diabetes mellitus patients in pharmaceutical services.

Pearl shells (pinctada maxima) are the superior commodities in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The shellfish is utilized as a producer of pearls while the waste of pearl shells has not been widely used by the community. Main composition of fhe pearl shells is calcium. CaO content was tested using AAS and obtained CaO in shells as much as 52.23%. CaO is used as a source of hydroxyapatite (HAp). Shellfish powder is synthesized with H3PO4 compound. Synthesis is conducted by precipitation method. Synthesis results were analyzed utilizing XRD and FTIR. From the examination, HAp compounds were identified. Group of PO43, CO32, and OH are constituent groups of HAp compounds. Moreover, another calcium phosphate is formed  namely TCP. This HAp compound has a maximum crystallinity of 78.33% at an angle of 77.18 °. The smallest HAp particle size at an angle of 31.92 ° is 1.4 μm. The degree of high crystallinity is influenced by high intensity and a wide FWHM. Meanwhile, the small molecule size is acquired on a wide FWHM with a small Bragg angle position.

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan pengukuran ketebalan lapisan tipis polistiren (PS) di atas permukaan QCM dan lapisan tipis ZnPc di atas permukaan QCM/PS menggunakan persamaan Sauerbrey dan Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM). PENDAHULUANStudi tentang sifat fisika lapisan tipis sangat penting dalam aplikasi teknologi. Setelah penumbuhan lapisan dilakukan pengukuran ketebalan. Ketebalan merupakan salah satu parameter untuk menjelaskan sifat fisis suatu lapisan tipis [1]. SEM merupakan salah satu alat yang popular untuk mengukur ketebalan dan ukuran butir suatu lapisan tipis [1][2][3].SEM adalah salah satu jenis mikroskop elektron yang menggunakan berkas elektron untuk menggambar profil permukaan benda. Prinsip kerja SEM adalah menembakkan

Highlight Research New method to synthesis nano chitosan from Vannamei shrimp with high Deacetylation Degree Nano chitosan from Vannamei shrimp can adsorb heavy metal Fe up to 81.35% Shrimp shells as an alternative adsorbents for Fe   Abstract Shrimp cultivation produces shrimp wastes in several forms, including shells from the molting process. Shrimp shell waste can be used as a source of nano chitosan. Many researches have used nano chitosan for various applications, one of which is to adsorb heavy metal pollution. This present study aimed to extract chitosan from shrimp shells and investigate the ability of nano chitosan to adsorb Fe metal. The research began by isolating chitin and chitosan from shrimp shells through deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation. The obtained chitosan was afterward characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Furthermore, the glassy ionic method was used to synthesize nano chitosan. Nano chitosan was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the Fe metal adsorption ability was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The FTIR results showed that the synthesized shrimp shells had successfully formed chitin compounds with the appearance of the C-O-C functional group, while the chitosan compounds with the appearance of O-H and N-H groups. The SEM characterization showed that nano chitosan with a size of 173.71 nm was successfully formed with identical morphology in the form of a flat (spherical), elongated, and irregular position. The nano chitosan was able to absorb Fe solution up to 81.35%. Therefore, nano chitosan from the shrimp shells is suitable as an adsorbent of heavy metal Fe.

The effect of different solvents on the acoustic property and morphology of polystyrene (PS) and the stearic acid (SA) layer was investigated in this study. The acoustic property was analyzed by using impedance analyzer and morphology of SA layer in a quartz microbalance (QCM) sensor have been studied to quantify their effects on viscoelasticity within the sensor. The polystyrene coating on a QCM sensor was created by spin-coating with various solvents, such as chloroform and toluene, which contains a 3% polystyrene solution by mass. Then, the SA coating was deposited onto the polystyrene layer using a low-vacuum evaporation method. The viscoelasticity was measured by an impedance analyzer coated with the SA layer to determine whether the material used as a coating will effectively immobilize a biomolecule and whether the material produces an acoustic load. The experimental results showed that the impedance value in the series resonant frequency was small (i.e., near 10 Ω), indicating that the deposited SA coating is rigid and that the SA coating does not produce a loading effect on the QCM sensor. Therefore, the coating technique used on the QCM sensor surface to produce the SA coating is likely to be an effective biosensor material for QCM immunosensor. Additionally, the study shows that the frequency change (Δf) of the SA layer deposited onto the polystyrene coating created with chloroform is larger than that of the coating created with toluene. This also shows that the SA layer deposited onto the polystyrene coating created with chloroform is thicker than the coating created with toluene. The Δf correlates with the mass change (Δm), according to the Sauerbrey equation, which requires that the material be rigid. The Δf value also correlates with the deposited SA mass change. From the calculation of Δf, the SA coating created with the chloroform solvent was shown to be thicker than that created with the toluene solvent. In addition, the roughness of the SA surface using a test of non-contact topography measurement system TMS TopMap-1200 showed that the SA surface roughness with the chloroform solution was 763 nm compared to that with the toluene solution, which was 424 nm.

For a long period, some students in schools thought that Physics and Mathematics were difficult subjects. These two subjects are a scourge for students in most schools, not only in the NTB area but also in various other regions throughout Indonesia. For this reason, multiple efforts need to be made to overcome these learning difficulties. Learning Physics and Mathematics should emphasize providing direct experience to develop student competencies, directed to "find out" and "do" to help students gain understanding. It will be significantly easier for students if learning Physics and Mathematics invites students to learn to formulate concepts inductively, based on empirical facts, first through the inquiry method. Teachers are faced with the low necessary abilities of students. Not a few teachers have complained about their students' low abilities, especially in understanding the basic concepts of Physics and Mathematics. Many factors influence this, one of which is the input factor (students). Students from different schools have different levels of understanding, both in Physics and Mathematics. It is a fact that, in general, students who graduated from SMP / M.Ts. There are still many basic concepts of Physics and Mathematics which are relatively low. When comparing students who come from the city and out of town schools, public and private schools, they have quite significant differences in graduates' ability. This condition also contributes to the low quality of the input. Based on this condition, we hold community service activities to strengthen understanding of the basic concepts of Physics and Mathematics for students as their initial provision for studying other material in more depth. The approach used is an empirical approach with guided inquiry methods. The results obtained are that the learning method of this model is very popular with students and teachers, and with the help of Guided Inquiry-based worksheets, it is straightforward for students to improve their understanding of the basic concepts of physics and mathematics, because the guidance in the LKS is very structured.

Heat transfer is a physical phenomenon that is widely applied in the fields of aerospace, industrial, nuclear, power generation, and automotive. Simulations can be done to better understand the phenomenon of heat transfer in order to save costs and risks that arise. The heat transfer profile in a two-dimensional multilayered composite cylinder has been successfully determined using analytical and numerical methods. Temperature distribution profiles in different times and different thermal diffusivity for the two layers have been successfully calculated using Python 3.7 with the Numpy library.