The engineering of advanced healthcare materials provides a platform to address challenges facing interdisciplinary scientists, clinicians, pharmacists, biomaterial scientists, and biomedical engineers. Niche, timely developments arising from the synthesis or extraction of more biocompatible materials, new biologically active components, clearer insights into disease mechanisms, and novel therapies provide several timely opportunities. These include enhanced therapies with greater patient compliance, improved disease targeting, better diagnosis, and bespoke medications for individuals. Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) comprises several processes making use of electric fields interplaying with several forces. Coupled to advanced materials and specifically configured apparatuses, effective and controlled fabrication of various structures on various scales possessing various dimensions is readily achieved. The processes have distinct advantages compared to established engineering methods (ambient environment engineering, low shear, scalability, compartmentalization, etc.). This detailed review focuses on key concepts and developments in EHDA engineering pertaining to underlying principles, enabling tools and engineered structures specifically for healthcare remits. From initial experiments involving the behaviour of non‐formulated liquids on charged amber to recent developments in complex 3D matrix printing, the EHDA route has progressed significantly in the last two decades, and is capable of providing timely platform opportunities to tackle several global healthcare challenges.

No abstract

Since it is well known that an increase in temperature leads to an increase in drug degradation,3 the results of this study justifies stability testing in elastomeric devices at a more realistic temperature, preventing antibiotics and other drugs potentially being excluded from outpatient parenteral administration. A temperature of 30°C is suggested allowing for slight body temperature variation between patients as well as allowing for warmer days during summer in the UK. It is hypothesised that the delay in temperature change observed for the BI is due to the protective casing around the balloon, acting as an insulator to the environment.