Stabilisation of Carbon Nanotube Suspensions

Fatouros, Dimitrios G.; Roldob, Marta; Merwe, Susanna van der

doi:10.1201/b11122-2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Homogeneous aqueous dispersions of CNTs are difficult to achieve as they form bundles thermodynamically stabilized by numerous π–π interactions. Techniques such as ultrasonication and chemical modification of the CNT surface have been used to perturb the extended delocalized π system enabling better dispersion of CNTs in aqueous media. , In the present study chitosan was covalently grafted to carboxylated CNTs to afford stable CNTs aqueous dispersions and to guarantee efficient inclusion of the nanomaterial in the hydrogels, preventing CNTs leaching out of the site of application . A simple coupling procedure involving the use of carbodiimide was used, as this could be carried out at room temperature and in aqueous media, preserving the molecular structures of both chitosan and CNTs (zero-linker) and using nonhazardous reagents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injectable Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Yasmeen

Bajracharya

et al. 2014

Langmuir

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Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts. These procedures present many limitations including the potential for infection and rejection. There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner. Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest. In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate. The addition of the nanofillers afforded hydrogels with a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C and enhanced mechanical properties. The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs. The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injectable Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Yasmeen

Bajracharya

et al. 2014

Langmuir

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“…Many covalent and non-covalent modifications of CNTs have been proposed in order to increase their water dispersability and hence their biocompatibility. Non-covalent modifications, in particular, are based on the absorption or the wrapping of various functional molecules, such as biomolecules, polymers, surfactants and phospholipids around the CNTs [ 20 ]. In a previous study, we have demonstrated the possibility of efficiently stabilising single-walled carbon nanotubes with the amphiphilic and self-assembling chitosan derivative N -octyl- O -sulfate chitosan (NOSC) [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes play an important role in the spatial arrangement of calcium deposits in hydrogels for bone regeneration

Cancian

Tozzi

Hussain

et al. 2016

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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Age related bone diseases such as osteoporosis are considered among the main causes of reduced bone mechanical stability and bone fractures. In order to restore both biological and mechanical function of diseased/fractured bones, novel bioactive scaffolds that mimic the bone structure are constantly under development in tissue engineering applications. Among the possible candidates, chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel scaffolds represent ideal systems due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, enhanced antibacterial properties, promotion of osteoblast formation and ease of injection, which makes them suitable for less invasive surgical procedures. As a main drawback, these chitosan systems present poor mechanical performance that could not support load-bearing applications. In order to produce more mechanically-competent biomaterials, the combined addition of hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is proposed in this study. Specifically, the aim of this work is to develop thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels containing stabilised single-walled and multi-walled CNTs, where their effect on the mechanical/physiochemical properties, calcium deposition patterns and ability to provide a platform for the controlled release of protein drugs was investigated. It was found that the addition of CNTs had a significant effect on the sol–gel transition time and significantly increased the resistance to compression for the hydrogels. Moreover, in vitro calcification studies revealed that CNTs played a major role in the spatial arrangements of newly formed calcium deposits in the composite materials studied, suggesting that they may have a role in the way the repair of fragile and/or fractured bones occurs in vivo.

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“…Furthermore, their characteristic shape, similar to asbestos fibres, is responsible for pulmonary toxicity that results in granulomas and fibrosis [4]. However, great advances have been achieved in the last decades in improving the water compatibility and reducing the toxicity of CNTs via both covalent and noncovalent modification [5]. The strategies developed have allowed researchers to investigate numerous possible biomedical applications, including their use as drug carriers for anticancer drugs, gene therapy and as scaffold components in tissue engineering [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes in Drug delivery: Just a Carrier?

Roldo

2016

Ther. Deliv.

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Stabilisation of Carbon Nanotube Suspensions

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

Injectable Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Injectable Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Carbon nanotubes play an important role in the spatial arrangement of calcium deposits in hydrogels for bone regeneration

Carbon Nanotubes in Drug delivery: Just a Carrier?

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