Vesical and urethral function were studied urodynamically before and after spinal cord or sacral root injury in non-human primates. Detrusor sphincter discoordination developed in animals with complete suprasacral spinal cord injury. Animals subjected to complete intradural sacral rhizotomy developed hypertonic areflexic vesical dysfunction while those subjected to dorsal root ganglionectomy developed a high compliance low pressure bladder.
Spinal cord transection is associated with the development of detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia in cats. These findings indicate that the cat is a suitable model for the study of lower urinary tract dysfunction after spinal cord injury. Inhibition of reflex detrusor activity was achieved by activation of a sacral inhibitory pathway by electrical stimulation of the sacral roots or anal sphincter in normal and spinal-injured animals, indicating presence of a sacral inhibitory pathway.
Bladder pressures during filling are precisely paralleled by ureteral resistance to perfusion. The pressure relationships are identical in normal, spinal and decentralized nonhuman primates, none of which had vesicoureteral reflux. Intravesical and thus intraureteral pressures are higher in animals with neurological lesions, particularly decentralization.
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