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The increase and accumulation of greenhouse gases such as CO 2 was believed had caused global warming. Effort to decrease accumulation these gases is by increasing the role of mangrove forests with its ecological function as carbon sinks through good management system. To this date, very limited study on the mangrove carbon biomass using satellite data espescially in tropical region. Purpose of the research were to calculate the carbon biomass of mangrove vegetation above ground through allometric equations, and to build spatial model algorithms of each mangrove species in the region by remote sensing technology using Quickbird, Geo Eye and ALOS satellite data. The research use an exploratory field survey and purposive sampling method and was performed through the measurement of trunk diameter (DBH) of above ground mangrove biomass without damaging vegetation (non-destructive sampling). About 21 mangrove species in Kemujan Island with total mangrove biomass above ground consist of the trunk, branches, leaves : 182.4 ton or 91.2 tons of Carbon, with largest carbon storage in the trunk. The results of spatial algorithms mangrove carbon biomass for Kemujan island using Quickbird data are Ceriops tagal with Y= -0.003(B2/B3) 2 + 0.267(B2/B3) -3.452; Rhizophora apiculata with the algorithm Y= 0.001(B2/B3 ) 2 -0.116(B2/B3) + 3.415; Bruguiera cylindrical with the algorithm Y= -0.003(B2/B3) 2 + 0.336(B2/B3) -7.265; Xylocarpus granatum with algorithm Y= 0.000(B2/B3) 2 -0.058(B2/B3) + 2.101; Rhizophora mucronata with the algorithm Y= 0.000(B2/B3) 2 -0.022(B2/B3) + 1.941. Mangrove carbon biomass algorithm using Geo Eye satellite data at Parang island for Rhizophora mucronata Y = -0.0436(B2/B3) 2 + 0.526 (B2/B3) -1.4642; Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Y = -0.0027 (B2/B3) 2 + 0.0649 (B2/B3) -0.2432 and Bruguiera cylindrical Y = -0.0089 (B2/B3) 2 + 0.0632 (B2/B3) -0.0683. Total mangrove carbon biomass at Demak coastal area range from 2.9 -44.74 ton. Algorithm of mangrove carbon biomass at Demak using ALOS-AVNIR satellite data for Avicennia marina was Y = -79.18 ((B1-B2)/(B1+B2)) 2 + 31.35 ((B1-B2)/(B1+B2)) -1.191. The research concluded that band rationing of Band-2 with Band-3 for Quickbird and GeoEye data and Band-1 with Band-2 for ALOS data as the spectral signature of mangrove chlorophyll pigment with wave length of 0.5 -0.6 μm as the best for mangrove carbon algorithms.

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Gelatin is a polymer of amino acids found in collagen in bone tissue and animal skin. It is commonly used gelatin as stabilizer on an ice cream. Research on the effect of different types and gelatin concentrations on ice cream quality has been done. Types of gelatin Types of gelatin were used are commercial gelatin and fish gelatin. Ice cream were made by adding commercial and fish skin gelatin at concentration 0.1%; 0.2%; 0.3%; 0.4% and 0.5%. Overrun, total solid, melting run and sensory evaluation were observed as quality parameters of ice cream. Based on sensory evaluation, panelists preferred the taste of ice cream using additional 0.1% fish gelatin because it has soft texture than others. The result showed that ice cream with additional 0.1% fish gelatin had 30.63% overrun, 40.77% total solid and 197s/g melting run.

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Bulu babi (sea urchin) merupakan spesies kunci bagi ekosistem terumbu karang. Menurunnya populasi bulu babi diduga akan menyebabkan matinya terumbu karang karena populasi mikroalga akan meningkat dengan drastis sehingga mikroalga akan mendominasi menutupi karang. Oleh sebab itu, dengan mengamati kelimpahan bulu babi, persentase penutupan karang, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kehidupan bulu babi dapat diketahui apakah perairan tersebut masih stabil atau telah rusak sehingga keseimbangan ekosistem di wilayah perairan tersebut dapat terjaga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelimpahan bulu babi (sea urchin) pada karang massive dan branching di daerah rataan terumbu karang dan tubir di Legon Boyo, Pulau Karimunjawa, Balai Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. Metode sampling yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data penutupan karang adalah line transek. Adapun pengambilan data kelimpahan bulu babi menggunakan kuadran transek yang berukuran 1 x 1 m. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada dua lokasi yaitu stasiun A (rataan terumbu) dan stasiun B (tubir). Panjang line transek adalah 50 meter yang di letakkan sejajar garis pantai, transek yang digunakan di daerah rataan terumbu sebanyak 3 line dan daerah tubir sebanyak 3 line. Jarak antara line di masing-masing lokasi sampling 5 m. Nilai persentase penutupan karang hidup di daerah rataan terumbu sebesar 66,36 %. Sedangkan nilai persentase penutupan karang hidup di tubir sebesar 73,00 %. Nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori baik. Pada rataan terumbu didapatkan kelimpahan individu bulu babi sebanyak 426 ind/150 m2, Sedangkan untuk kelimpahan individu bulu babi pada tubir yaitu sebanyak 193 ind/150 m2. Nilai signifikasi uji Independent T Test yang didapat adalah 0,008 sehingga 0,008 ≤ 0,05. Ini berarti H1 diterima yang berarti terdapat perbedaan pada jumlah bulu babi pada karang massive dan karang branching.

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