Background Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of death globally. The problems become even more complicated with the rise in prevalence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Many diseases have been reported to occur with tuberculosis making it more difficult to manage. Candida spp., which are yeast-like fungi and a constituent of normal flora in humans, are notoriously reported to be one of the most common opportunistic nosocomial infections. This study aimed to measure the proportion of presumptive MDR-TB patients colonized with Candida spp. and to characterize its susceptibility against azole group antifungal agents. Methods Sputum from presumptive MDR-TB patients were collected and examined for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its rifampicin resistant status using GeneXpert. It was further cultured on Sabouroud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) to isolate the Candida spp. The Candida species were determined using HiCrome™ Candidal Differential Agar. Antifungal susceptibility was tested using microbroth dilution methods. Checkerboard microdilution assays were performed to measure the interaction between rifampicin and fluconazole to C. albicans. Results There were 355 presumptive MDR-TB patients enrolled. A total of 101 (28.4%) patients were confirmed to have M. tuberculosis. There were 113 (31.8%) sputum positive for Candida spp., which corresponded to 149 Candida spp. isolates. Candida albicans was the most frequent (53.7%) species isolated from all patients. The susceptibility of Candida spp. against fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole were 38.3%, 1.3%, and 10.7% respectively. There was significant association between rifampicin exposure history and susceptibility of Candida albicans against fluconazole (Odds Ratio: 9.96; 95% CI: 1.83–54.19; p <0.01), but not for ketoconazole and itraconazole. The checkerboard microdilution assays showed that rifampicin decreased the fungicidal activity of fluconazole to C. albicans in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion There was high frequency of azole resistant Candida spp. isolates colonizing the respiratory tract of presumptive MDR-TB patients. This presence might indicate the association of chronic exposure to rifampicin, the main drug for tuberculosis therapy, with the induction of azole resistance.

Promotion technique is one of the methods used by AMIK and STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangiantar in finding new students. By developing promotional techniques that are more effective and efficient, it can produce the information needed to get new student candidates. The data that is processed in this research is the data of new student candidates who come from the AMIK New Student Admissions (PMB) and STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar. Based on promotional data in 2020, there are several promotions carried out, including through print media, banners, collaboration with SMA / SMK schools in Pematangsiantar city, through alumni, and the web. Furthermore, the data is processed using Rapidminer software. The processing stages are grouped using the K-Medoids algorithm on the data of prospective students, including name, place and date of birth, address, religion, cellphone number, school origin, choice of study program and source of information. Followed by the process of improving the data so that more accurate data is obtained to be processed. The results of the testing of this method are knowing which regions are applying to AMIK and STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematngsiantar which are grouped into 2 clusters, namely the highest and the lowest. The K-Medoids algorithm that is used makes a big contribution by providing new information that can be used as a reference for AMIK and STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematngsiantar in terms of Promoting New Student Admissions in the coming year.

AbstrakVitamin C berfungsi sebagai kofaktor enzyme prolil dan lysil hydroxilase. Enzym tersebut berfungsi dalam proses hidroksilasi yang membentuk ikatan hidroksiprolin dan hidroksilisin pada fibroblast dalam membentuk kolagen. Selain itu Vitaimin C juga berfungsi meregulasi dan menstabilkan trankripsi gen mRNA prokolagen pada proses pembentukan kolagen di dermis. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diatas, peneliti tertarik untuk membuktikan apakah pemberian vitamin C subkutan disekitar luka insisi dermal berefek pada pembentukan kolagen yang lebih padat dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan tikus Wistar sebanyak 32 ekor, yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu 16 ekor sebagai kontrol dan 16 ekor lagi sebagai perlakuan. Pada kedua kelompok dilakukan insisi di punggung sepanjang 2 cm. Kelompok perlakuan diberi suntikan vitamin C subkutan disekitar luka insisi dermal sebanyak 9 mg (0,09ml), sedangkan kelompokkontrol tidak diberikan.Pada hari kelima dilakukan pengambilan jaringan luka pada kedua sampel untuk pemeriksaan kepadatan kolagen secara mikroskopik. Hasil:Kepadatan kolagen pada hari kelimamenunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna dari efek penyuntikan vitamin C subkutan terhadap kepadatan kolagen (χ2 = 5,833; P<0,05). Kesimpulan: Penyuntikan vitamin C subkutan disekitar luka insisi dermal efektif dalam meeningkatan kepadatan kolagen. Kata kunci: suntikan vitamin C subkutan, kepadatan kolagen.

This research focuses on issues of religious, cultural and political conflicts and the integration of Ulama and Umara in Purwakarta which intersect with the political dimensions ahead of the Regional Head Election. The specific focus is on the evaluation of religion over culture and turns into a strategic issue played by interest groups. This research is a type of field research research using a qualitative dialectical phenomenological approach as the method. The collection of data and information was carried out by means of observation techniques. The findings of this study include the first, the religious and cultural relations in Purwakarta due to the perspective of the FPI, KUI and FUI mass organizations in assessing that the preservation of Sundanese culture in Purwakarta is contrary to Islamic teachings. second, the form of conflict between Ulama and Umara begins with the case of "the flute and the Koran, the making of puppet figures, the Hideung Bodas (Black and White) Festival of the Tumpeng Parade, the Bebegig Parade, to the confrontation of Sampurasun vs campurracun, and is closely related to political issues. and religious doctrine and understanding of Sundanese culture. But then it is processed into a religious issue and utilized by interest groups.Third, efforts to integrate ulama and Umara are carried out by holding a Cultural and Religious Workshop, establishing communication and compromising on the conflicts that occur.

Gout merupakan penyakit dominan pada pria dewasa dan wanita ditemukan sebelum menopause. Gout merupakan penyakit yang paling banyak ditemukan di seluruh dunia dengan prevalensi di Amerika Serikat 3,9%, Inggris 2,5%, New Zealand 6,1% dan di Indonesia 7%. Pilar pengobatan penyakit gout ada 2 yaitu farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Terapi non farmakologi mencakup edukasi pasien, pengaturan diet dan istirahat sendi. Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang gaya hidup dan hal-hal yang bisa menyebabkan gout menjadi salah satu faktor meningkatnya angka kejadian arthritis gout. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan tentang penyakit gout pada pasien yang berobat di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 80 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diambil dengan teknik total sampling.Data penelitian didapatkan dari hasil wawancara pasien di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang periode September-November 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 80 pasien, terdapat 21 pasien menderita arthritis gout dan 59 pasien menderita non arthritis gout. Tingkat pengetahuan pasien arthritis gout cukup  52,4% dan baik 47,6% tentang penyakit arthritis gout sedangkan tingkat pengetahuan pasien non arthritis gout kurang 52,5%, cukup 45,8% dan baik 1,7% tentang penyakit arthritis gout. Tingkat pengetahuan pasien arthritis gout tentang penyakit arthritis gout lebih baik daripada pasien non arthritis gout di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.

Talaromycosis, a disseminated and progressive infection caused by Talaromyces marneffei, is highly endemic in the tropical region of Asia. However, accumulated data show very low incidence in Indonesia. Here, we report a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma with pulmonary T. marneffei infection. Screening of T. marneffei in this immunocompromised Indonesian patient is recommended even though the reported incidence of this particular fungal infection in Indonesia is low.

This study aims to describe the involvement of religious instruments in the dynamics of the 2012 Regional Head Elections for the Regent and Deputy Regent of Purwakarta Regency. This study uses a qualitative method with the dramaturgical approach of Erving Goffman on symbolic interactionism and Max Weber on social action theory. This study indicates that the normative use of religious elements is used as a weapon for candidates as a political commodity to attract mass sympathy and highlight the identity of a particular group. Among the religious issues used in the Pilkada Purwakarta could be the use of religious symbols, statements, figures and places used by the contestants and political constituents in Purwakarta.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap kebijakan Pemerintah Kabupaten Purwakarta tentang implementasi kebijakan pendidikan karakter, hal tersebut diawali oleh temuan peneliti bahwa terdapat beberapa program yang tidak berjalan maksimal sehinggap diperlukan adanya suatu pembaharuan dalam pembuatan kebijakan pendidikan di Kabupaten Purwakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah field research dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Selanjutnya data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan kuisioner. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Pengorganisasian implementasi kebijakan pendidikan berkarakter di Kabupaten Purwakarta masih belum berjalan secara optimal, hal ini nampak dari sumber daya yang belum optimal, struktur birokrasi yang belum memiliki mekanisme kerja dalam pengimplementasian kebijakan dan metode sosialisasi yang belum dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh menghambat pelaksanaan kebijakan pendidikan Berkarakter di Kabupaten Purwakarta. Selanjutnya interpretasi kebijakan pendidikan pendidikan berkarakter di Kabupaten Purwakarta masih belum sepenuhnya difahami secara menyeluruh. Dan penerapan kebijakan pendidikan berkarakter di Kabupaten Purwakarta masih belum berjalan secara optimal. Terdapat beberapa hambatan yang dalam proses penerapan kebijakan pendidikan di Purwakarta, diantaranya:1) proses sosialisasi tidak dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh, 2) belum tumbuhnya kesadaran bersama, 3) proses evaluasi tidak berjalan optimal.