The relation of coronary artery disease to plasma lipoproteins was examined in 104 men aged 35-65 years undergoing coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischaemia. A score reflecting the number, degree, and length of stenoses in seven major coronary arteries was assigned to each angiogram. Lipid concentrations in lipoprotein subfractions were measured after preparative ultracentrifugation; plasma apolipoprotein concentrations were measured by electroimmunoassay.Men with high coronary scores tended to have lower plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations and higher low-density lipoprotein (density 1 019-1-063 g/ml) cholesterol concentrations than subjects of similar age with low coronary scores (p0 1). The strongest relation, however, was with the cholesterol concentration in the HDL2 subfraction (density 1-063-1-125 g/ml) of HDL, which averaged 44% lower in the severely affected patients (p <0 005). No associations were found between the coronary score and HDL3 cholesterol, the cholesterol content of lipoproteins of density <1-019 g/ml, plasma triglyceride, or the concentrations of apolipoproteins AI, AU, and E.The high coronary scores associated with low HDL2

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Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease which is caused by destruction of the tissues that surrounds and supports the tooth. Deregulation of microRNAs has been reported to cause several inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune disease, chronic periodontitis, and cancer. In the present study, we have investigated the expression pattern of microRNAs let-7a, miR-125b, miR-100, miR-21, and RNA-binding protein LIN-28A among healthy individuals and chronic periodontitis patients. Total RNA was isolated from gingival tissue samples collected from 100 healthy individuals and 100 chronic periodontitis patients. The expression of microRNAs and LIN-28 was performed by qPCR. Target prediction for the microRNAs was done using miRWalk and miRTarbase online databases and the experimentally validated targets were analyzed for their molecular function, biological processes, and related pathways using gProfiler software. The expression analysis revealed that let-7a and miR-21 were upregulated, whereas, miR-100, miR-125b, and LIN-28 were down regulated. The age dependent expression analysis revealed that the expression levels of all the microRNAs and LIN-28 were found to increase with age (more than 50 years), thereby suggesting an increased risk to chronic periodontitis. Among the various targets predicted using miRWalk and miRTarbase databases, NFKB was found to be a common target among all the four microRNAs. gProfiler revealed several functions such as NF-ĸB signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, osteoclast differentiation, etc., all of which specific to inflammation and periodontitis.

The mechanisms by which dietary fat influences fasting plasma lipid concentrations have been investigated in hyperlipidaemic subjects. The synthetic and fractional catabolic (FCR) rates of the apoprotein B (apo B) of very-low density (VLDL) and low-density (LDL) lipoproteins were measured using radioiodinated autologous lipoproteins. Reductions of LDL concentration in eight subjects during low-fat (25% of energy) diets were largely explained by diminished synthesis (-20%, P less than 0.02), and possibly also by an increased FCR (+15%, P = 0.05) of LDL, compared with observations made during a high-fat (45% of energy) diet of similar fatty acid composition. VLDL apo B synthesis and FCR were not significantly altered. When a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids was exchanged for one high in saturated fatty acids (fat providing 45% of energy on both occasions) in four subjects, the synthetic rates of both VLDL apo B (-31%, P less than 0.02) and LDL apo B (-23%, P less than 0.10) were reduced while their FCRs were unchanged.

The success of regeneration attempt is based on an ideal combination of stem cells, scaffolding and growth factors. Tissue constructs help to maintain stem cells in a required area for a desired time. There is a need for easily obtainable cells, potentially autologous stem cells and a biologically acceptable scaffold for use in humans in different difficult situations. This study aims to address these issues utilizing a unique combination of stem cells from gingiva and a hydrogel scaffold, based on a natural product for regenerative application. Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (HGMSCs) were, with due induction, differentiated to neuronal lineages to overcome the problems associated with birth tissue-related stem cells. The differentiation potential of neuronal lineages was confirmed with suitable specific markers. The properties of mesenchymal stem cells in encapsulated form were observed to be similar to free cells. The encapsulated cells (3D) were then subjected to differentiation into neuronal lineages with suitable inducers, and the morphology and gene expression of transient cells were analyzed. HGMSCs was differentiated into neuronal lineages as both free and encapsulated forms without any significant differences. The presence of Nissl bodies and the neurite outgrowth confirm the differentiation. The advantages of this new combination appear to make it a promising tissue construct for translational application.