The present study investigates the sustainability of microenterprises using primary data on 222 microenterprises in the informal small business segment of India. We identified relevant factors inducing entrepreneurs to sustain their business despite facing challenges emerging in the business world from time to time. The findings indicate that microenterprises with higher initial capital investment and those run by more experienced entrepreneurs have more chances for their long-run survival. The findings further indicate that the attainment of higher education is unrelated to long-term survival in the microbusiness world, perhaps because it opens more options of livelihood leading to exploration and experimentation of other areas of work engagement. The probability of long-run survival is higher in manufacturing microenterprises as compared to trading and services, likely because manufacturing experiences less volatility in this penurious context. Finally, microenterprises managed by males have better chances of long-run sustainability than female-operated microbusinesses.

Abstract:The presented paper investigates the technical efficiency of small dairy farmers in india using the stochastic production frontier function approach. The study reveals that building the supply chain can increase the efficiency of dairy farmers, as the milk producers who are part of a cooperative supply chain experienced a higher technical efficiency as compared to those who do not follow the modern supply chain practices. The milk producers in the supply chain are found better crisis managers as their inefficiency is the least attributed to their own decisions. The possession of the crossbred livestock, schooling of the manager and the institutional finance have been found affecting the efficiency of the dairy farmers positively and significantly. The study recommends the expansion in the supply chain network of the cooperative milk societies for enhancing the efficiency and profitability of the dairy sector along with the provision of more crossbred livestock and an easy availability of finance.

Artificial intelligence technology in the agricultural sector can reduce carbon emissions from agrarian activities and revitalize the whole industry. The Indian agricultural sector has become costly, time-consuming, and outdated owing to the global warming process. The deployment of AI technology in Indian agriculture is still a distant dream, given the peculiarities like small-size farms, traditional farming methods, lack of credit, storage facilities, and the decision maker's risk-seeking attitude. AI solutions need to be delivered at the farmers' doorstep in their local language, with proper training, input support, and in collective/cooperative manner for realizing sustainable and green agriculture.

The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in chatbots, virtual assistants, and ATMs reduces technical inefficiency in Indian commercial banks. The impact of (AI) on the technical efficiency of 47 examined commercial banks in India has reduced technical inefficiency to 11%, primarily due to internal factors or decision making. The verdict endorses the speeding up of (AI) deployment besides raising the level of assets, reducing the nonperforming assets, especially banks functioning in the public sector.

The concept of reverse innovation can be defined on a spectrum ranging from narrow to broad. We look at the broad concept, which indicates that an innovation travels successfully from a developing country to a developed country. A few authors have indicated that microcredit is a reverse innovation. However, credit by itself is not an innovation, nor is lending to the poor. The essential feature of modern-day microcredit in developing countries is that it acts as a social innovation, using group lending, being primarily directed towards women and creating financially stable institutions. We do not find evidence that any of these features have been adopted by a developed country’s microfinance institutions (MFIs) in a sustainable manner. We consider that only the use of the words ‘microfinance’ and 'microcredit' have been adopted by developed countries to further the corporate image, and researchers should be aware that ‘microfinance’ holds different connotations in different regions.