Biodiesel is used as an alternative fuel that is renewable and environmentally friendly. Biodiesel has several disadvantages compared to diesel: energy with lower heating value, volatility, and viscosity. One of the efforts to reduce the weaknesses of biodiesel is using additives. This study aims to determine the performance of diesel engines from the addition of nanoparticles to biodiesel. This study uses several test samples, including B30, B30+Al2O3 30ppm, B30+Al2O3 50ppm, B30+Al2O3 70ppm, and B30+Al2O3 90ppm. Each sample was tested on a diesel engine. The results showed that the fuel mixture with Al2O3 nanoparticles increased Cylinder Pressure by 13%, Net Heat Release by 41%, and Brake Thermal Efficiency by 76% at a 3kg load. The Smoke Opacity and Specific Fuel Consumption obtained are better than B30.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar dan keaktifan belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kasokandel, Majalengka. Pemicunya adalah karena model pembelajaran yang diterapkan masih bersifat konvensional, berpusat pada guru (teacher centered). Untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar tersebut ditawarkan melalui penerapan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions). Studi ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab permasalahan: 1) Bagaimanakah penerapan model cooperative learning tipe STAD pada pembelajaran IPA materi cahaya di kelas VIII A? 2) Bagaimana hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA materi cahaya menggunakan model cooperative learning tipe STAD di kelas VIII A? Permasalahan tersebut dibahas melalui penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan melalui 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model cooperative learning tipe STAD pada pembelajaran IPA materi cahaya di kelas VIII A berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan belajar siswa. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tingkat ketuntasan belajar peserta didik per siklusnya. Pada pra siklus hanya terdapat 11 siswa atau 37% saja yang tuntas belajar, dengan nilai KKM 70. Namun itu mengalami kenaikan di siklus I menjadi 20 siswa atau 67%. Pada siklus II meningkat lagi menjadi 26 siswa atau 87%. Sementara keaktifan belajar siswa pada siklus I sebanyak 18 siswa atau 60%. Pada siklus II terdiri dari 25 siswa atau 83%. Oleh karenya, model belajar cooperative learning tipe STAD sangat tepat digunakan dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kasokandel, Majalengka.
The right strategy in the supply chain has become strategic issues are important today because the nature of these decisions is usually complex and unstructured. There are many quantitative and qualitative attributes such as cost, responsiveness, and flexibility that need to be taken into account to determine the best supply chain strategy. Assessment of all attributes as mentioned is usually through a human evaluation process involving many subjectivity and uncertainty factors. In addition, the complexity of the problems directly related to each attribute used as an assessment increases the problem of uncertainty. Fuzzy MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) is one of the MCDM methods that use a fuzzy approach to overcome complexity and uncertainty of the problem. Today the market has been able to witness a worldwide expansion and dynamic situation by leveraging new innovations in production methodology and information technology. With this new innovation, the market can increase demand for products tailored to minimum cost with minimum waiting time. Lean and agile are two chain strategy concepts evolved in the pursuit of business excellence, while the concept of leagile is in between. This study aims to select the best supply chain strategy (lean, leagile, agile) at a manufacturing company in Samarinda – East Kalimantan based on certain criteria by using Fuzzy MCDM.
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