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Rough set theory provides a mathematical tool to study vague, imprecise, inconsistent and uncertain knowledge. The topological notions are closely related to the notions and results of rough set theory, so the conjoint study of rough set theory and topology becomes essential. Researchers have widely discussed the topological aspects and their applications in rough set theory. This study highlights the inter dependencies of topology and classical rough set theory and the significant work done in this area during the last twenty years. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010).

We present the general form of a universal soft-collinear distribution operator to compute the soft-virtual cross-section to next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N 4 LO) in QCD for a process with any number of final state colorless particles in hadron colliders. By acting this universal operator on the pure virtual corrections, which need to be computed explicitly for a process, the soft-virtual cross-section can be obtained. The operator is constructed by exploiting the factorization and renormalization group evolution of amplitudes in QCD, and the universality of soft gluon contributions. We also provide the hard coefficient to perform the threshold resummation to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N 3 LL) accuracy. Furthermore, we present the approximate analytical results of the soft-virtual cross-sections at N 4 LO and N 3 LL for the Higgs boson production through gluon fusion and bottom quark annihilation, and also for the Drell-Yan production at the hadronic collider.

This paper introduces the concept of an approach merotopological space and studies its category-theoretic properties. Various topological categories are shown to be embedded into the category whose objects are approach merotopological spaces. The order structure of the family of all approach merotopologies on a nonempty set is discussed. Employing the theory of bunches, bunch completion of an approach merotopological space is constructed. The present study is a unified look at the completion of metric spaces, approach spaces, nearness spaces, merotopological spaces, and approach merotopological spaces.

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