After the reform of Chinas tax system, in the case of an established local fiscal revenue, due to the differences in local infrastructure, under the influence of different investment and tourism-oriented input and output levels, the crowding-out effect of tourism industry varies. This paper validates this inference, and concludes that the crowding-out effect of tourism over other industries is small in areas with larger tourism scale such as Beijing which is either historical and cultural city, or political and economic center, with an emphasize on tertiary industry development; while the crowding-out effect of tourism over other industries is the largest in areas with smaller travel size, which is either landlocked but rich in tourism resources, or lacks of tourism resources but plays the key position of foreign trade. Regions of medium tourism scale are mostly dominated by secondary industry. Although the investment in tourism has increased in recent years, the propensity of government and private investment is firstly towards local leading industries, thus the production factors needed for development of the tourism industry have been occupied by local leading industries. And finally, the corresponding development strategies have been proposed for tourism industry with different crowding-out effect.
Based on 24528 papers from China Knowledge Infrastructure during 1992-2011, we analyzed evolution of topics, theories, methods, and case regions. Results showed the hottest keywords changed from township enterprises, peasant workers to urbanization agglomeration, land use and environment. Evolution of hot topics is always tracing Chinese urbanization process. Theories are appearing dynamic, micro, and comprehensive. Dynamic econometric model has been main theory in industry structure research. Micro research on institutional modeling, urban agents environmental behaviors and peasant workers phycology has emerged. Modeling on land use and ecological environment effect has been more and more comprehensive. The hottest methods are mainly from statistical analysis. Evaluation on environmental effects of urbanization increases greatly in recent years while study on mechanisms of urbanization is still increasing slowly. Hottest case regions were mainly fast urbanization regions in East China including Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong, while West China was studied as a whole.
The world population increased to 6 billion from 1.65 billion, during the 20th century. Therefore, providing high-quality provisions in parallel with such rapid growth has become a critical issue for decision-makers and authorities. Organic agriculture in Inner Asia has been considered an efficient way out of this situation. Followings are some advantages of the farming in Inner Asia that made the region a special area for agricultural goals: (1) remoteness from major industrial centers; (2) historical culture of adaptive animal husbandry and agriculture with minimal application of chemical fertilizers; (3) close location to the rapidly developing Asian region with its growing requirement for high-quality products; (4) providing Halal products that are so important in Muslim countries. Moreover, the agricultural boom not only can help to produce high-quality products but also may help for the development of the territory and preserving the traditions and culture of the area. Promotion of agro-tourism, environmental education, and tourism education to local people can be other advantages of agriculture expansion in the region. In this work, the data of statistical collections, comparative analysis, results of field expeditions, and analysis of legislative acts were used. A number of illustrative examples are given, which are already taking place in Mongolia in particular.
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