Primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma is an extremely rare tumor that tends to occur in postmenopausal women. We report on a 33-year-old woman who presented with a history of irregular vaginal bleeding for more than 2 years, and a vaginal mass for more than 1 month. Biopsy of the vaginal mass revealed an invasive poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, pelvic lymph node dissection, peritoneal sampling and vaginal tumor resection. On the basis of her medical history, auxiliary examination and postoperative pathology, the patient was diagnosed with stage IV endometrial squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was followed-up regularly and remained in good condition.
Ovarian cancer has a high mortality, and RNA methylation plays a role in several cancers. Our study aimed to explore the effects of differential expression of TRMT6, an N1-methyladenosine writer, on ovarian cancer and its upstream regulatory mechanism. Preliminary bioinformatics analysis revealed that TRMT6 was differentially expressed in ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues. Patients with ovarian cancer and high TRMT6 expression had a poor prognosis, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.759. This finding suggests that TRMT6 may be used as a biomarker for ovarian cancer. We used immunohistochemistry to verify the differential expression of TRMT6 in ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues. The differential expression of TRMT6 in ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and OVCAR3 was confirmed using qPCR and western blotting. CCK-8, transwell assay results suggested that overexpression of TRMT6 promoted the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells, whereas overexpression of miR-191-5p reduced these effects. Results of dual-luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that TRMT6 was the target gene of miR-191-5p. In conclusion, TRMT6 promoted the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells, and its upstream miR-191-5p targeted and regulated TRMT6 to reduce these effects. TRMT6 gene expression may be used as a prognostic biomarker and its regulation as a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
Rationale: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (PSCCE) has been occasionally reported. Treatment of this disease poses a challenge to clinicians because of its rarity. Herein, we report the case of a 56-year-old woman with typical clinical manifestations and a pathological diagnosis classified by molecular typing as having high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) PSCCE. Based on a review of the previous literature, we summarized the treatment options for this rare disease and proposed new opinions.
Background The aim of this study was to ascertain the diagnostic accuracy of Carbohydrate Antigen 125(CA125), Human Epididymis Protein 4(HE4), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and their combinations for ovarian cancer (OC) in order to discover an optimal combined diagnostic index for early diagnosis of OC. A thorough investigation was conducted to ascertain the correlation between these markers and the pathological characteristics of OC, thereby furnishing a foundation for the early identification and treatment of this disorder. Methods 170 patients with documented OC and benign ovarian tumors (BOTs) treated at Hebei General Hospital between January 2019 and December 2022 were included in this retrospective study. The formula for serum inflammation related markers was: FAR = fibrinogen(g/L)/ albumin(g/L); PNI = albumin (g/L) + 5 × lymphocyte counts (109/L); SII = platelet count (109/L) × neutrophil count (109/L)/ lymphocyte count (109/L). Data analysis was conducted with IBM SPSS statistics version V26.0 software, MedCalc Statistical Software version 19.4.0 software, and R Environment for Statistical Computing software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). Results The isolated CA125 tested showed the best application value to differentiate BOTs from OC when the defined variables were compared separately. The combination of CA125, HE4, FAR, SII, and PNI displayed a greater area under the ROC curve (AUC) than any one of them or other combinations of the five variables. Compared to CA125 alone, the combination of CA125, HE4, FAR, SII, and PNI showed a slight gain in sensitivity (83.91%), negative predictive value (NPV) (83.91%), accuracy (85.88%), and a decrease in negative likelihood ratio (LR) (0.180%). Higher preoperative CA125, HE4, SII, and FAR levels and lower PNI levels predicted a higher probability of advanced OC progression and lymph node metastasis. FAR had a better application value than other inflammation-related markers (PNI and SII). Conclusions The study suggested that preoperative serum SII, PNI, and FAR might potentially be clinically valuable markers in patients with OC. FAR had a better application value than other inflammation-related markers (PNI and SII). As we delve deeper into the inflammatory mechanisms associated with tumors, we may discover more effective combinations of tumor and inflammatory biomarkers.
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