Background:Health care in prisons is one of the neglected health areas in our country. Looking into the health problems of prisons will show us a way for the approach in providing the heath care for prisoners.Objectives:To assess the health status of convicted inmates of prison and to study their sociodemographic profile.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among the inmates of central prison over a period of 1 year. Study population comprised of 300 convicted life-term prisoners. The inmates were interviewed using predesigned and pretested proforma. Sociodemographic data were analyzed by frequencies and percentages along with 95% confidence interval using statistical package SPSS18.Results:In health status, 29 (9.6%) inmates suffered from acute upper respiratory tract infections and 15 (5%) from acute lower respiratory tract infections. A total of 54 (18%) inmates had ascariasis. Diseases of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue contributed to 26 (8.7%) of inmates. A total of 252 (84%) prisoners had anemia. In sociodemographic profile, it was found that rural people, unmarried, illiterates, lower socioeconomic status people were more likely to have committed the crime resulting in the conviction for life.Conclusions:As there is an increase in number of prisoners and morbidities among them, there is an urgent need for prison health care services in developing countries like India and provide training to the health care providers to manage the commonly existing health problems among prisoners in the prisons.

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Dyes are colored substances being used to color various types of fabrics and materials from ancient time. During their use in the coloring of various types of materials as well as during their synthesis; they come out in the environment as such or in the form of toxic by-products and by mixing in aqueous system generate various types of problems to organisms living in that aqueous environment as well as human beings using that polluted water in any way. Several techniques are being used in the present time to solve such environmental problems. In this direction, many researches are also running on the green use of microbial technology in bioremediation of toxic, carcinogenic and extremely harmful unused dye’s products as well as its by-products by elimination or degradation or de-colorization. This mini-review discusses about the some recent researches done in this field in order to solve this problem and future aspect of the use of this green technology

Innovations related to judicious use of scarce water resources evolved by farmers and refined by non-formal researchers termed as Contemporary Water Management Innovations (CWMIs) are now being practiced in drylands by majority of farmers in India for human and crop survival during water crisis. The study was carried out during 2017-18 in purposively selected villages of Ananthapur district of Andhra Pradesh. A sample of 120 (farmers) and 30 (mixed group of scientist's, NGOs activist and other experts) were selected randomly on the basis of the presence of and association with functional water sharing groups (WSGs). For critical analysis, a combination of focused group discussions, case study and Delphi technique accompanied by knowledge index, adoption index, multiple regression, correlation and factor analysis were used. It was found that only 20 users owned bore wells and shared with 100 farmers who did not own any bore wells. CWMI were well accepted and integrated into the culture of the dryland farmers as they comprehensively understood the agro-ecological bases for their survival and sustenance in dry land areas. 14 factors were deduced for agro ecological crises, Majority (63.33%) of farmers possessed high level of knowledge about the agro-ecological reasons behind the CWMIs and 60.83% of farmers had high (70–86%) extent of adoption of all the CWMIs and 65.8% of farmers had adopted 12 out of the 14 different practices. Need for synergy and convergence among researchers, administrations, line departments, NGOs, extension system were felt as the facilitative factors for diffusing CWMIs.