A 5.5% risk for RD is estimated for the first 10 years after cataract surgery in children with no known ocular and systemic anomalies. The risk significantly increases in a male, myopic, and intellectual disabled child. We emphasize the need for regular and long-term follow-up after pediatric cataract surgery.

Digital eye strain (DES) is an entity encompassing visual and ocular symptoms arising due to the prolonged use of digital electronic devices. It is characterized by dry eyes, itching, foreign body sensation, watering, blurring of vision, and headache. Non-ocular symp-

Acute adult onset esotropia occurring with accommodative spasm responds favorably to cycloplegic medications but may need a longer course of treatment for successful resolution and stability.

Oral propranolol is highly effective and safe in the treatment of periocular capillary hemangiomas in infants.

Congenital aniridia is a pan ocular disorder characterized by partial or total loss of iris tissue as the defining feature. Classic aniridia, however, has a spectrum of ocular findings, including foveal hypoplasia, optic nerve hypoplasia, nystagmus, late-onset cataract, glaucoma, and keratopathy. The latter three are reasons for further visual compromise in such patients. This entity is often due to mutations in the PAX6 (Paired box protein Pax-6) gene. Recently, aniridia-like phenotypes have been reported due to non- PAX6 mutations as in PITX2, FOXC1, FOXD3, TRIM44 , and CYP1B1 as well wherein there is an overlap of aniridia, such as iris defects with congenital glaucoma or anterior segment dysgenesis. In this review, we describe the various clinical features of classic aniridia, the comorbidities and their management, the mutation spectrum of the genes involved, genotype-phenotype correlation of PAX6 and non- PAX6 mutations, and the genetic testing plan. The various systemic associations and their implications in screening and genetic testing have been discussed. Finally, the future course of aniridia treatment in the form of drugs (such as ataluren) and targeted gene therapy has been discussed.