the research intends to determine the difference of sport massage and circulo massage based on the direction of distal and proximal massage of people with physical disability in influencing their performance productivity which consists of motivation, knowledge, skill and attitude. The discussion will be done by comparing the two combinations. The subjects used in this research were people with monoplegia disabilities who participated in the State Integrated Disability Rehabilitation Centre (BRTPD) program in Yogyakarta. The samples were taken from the existing population by the Purposive Random Sampling method. The data collection was obtained by questionnaire. The form of questionnaire work productivity consists of four criteria: 1) motivation, 2) knowledge, 3) skill, 4) attitude. The data analysis technique used the multivariate analysis with Repeated Measured test. The research results can provide recommendations on the most effective massage methods and training programs that can be applied to people with physical disabilities and also, the results obtain criteria for identification of measurement procedures and improvement of work productivity in physical disability which consists of motivation, knowledge, skill and attitude. Both combinations of the training are expected to find out the effect of improving the productivity of work productivity on people with physical disabilities.
The implementation of training at a young age involves the role of coaches, parents, and students/athletes, but the quality of these roles in enjoying the training process has not been presently evaluated. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between coach leadership, parental involvement, and athletes' enjoyment in training. A descriptive quantitative method was used with the subjects being parents and students of Indonesian and Malaysian sports clubs. A total sampling technique was also carried out with parents and students (aged 13-18 years old) actively participating in football, volleyball, tennis, and archery. In this case, a questionnaire containing different items was used to obtain information, with the data analysis techniques being carried out through percentages. The results showed that no significant difference was observed in the leadership model, parental involvement, and athletes' enjoyment in Indonesia and Malaysia. These were useful in improving the policies and quality of youth training. Furthermore, comparative data between both countries are expected to be used by supervisors and administrators through considering the advantages and disadvantages.
Each region has its own peculiarities that refers to the culture of its people. In this diverse culture, there are customs that are maintained as continuous, preserved and practiced in social life. The aims of the research are: (a) to reveal the meaning of adat title in local political communication, (b) to know the meaning of political communication capital in local government in Gorontalo, and (c) to get the pattern of political communication capital in local government in Gorontalo. The research doing by the critical ethnography, which is focus on the discovery, interpretation, and application of local knowledge to practice, rather than on testing hypotheses or outcomes. As a customary area, Gorontalo has a tradition of giving traditional titles (Pulanga)to the local son who is considered to have a great contribution to the region. The awarding of traditional titles/returns as a form of homage to new officials to distinguish them from others in society. The preservation of the traditions of the awarding ceremony is a sign that custom exists in Gorontalo society. So far, the awards have not clashed with democracy, although in certain aspects such as the recognition of women's leadership, not yet fully compatible with democracy. This paper examines how customary / traditional titles can be used as political capital in a contestation in Gorontalo for political office positions.Key words: gelaradat, modal politik, Gorontalo.
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