The ethanol extracts obtained from both leaf and seed in the Thorn apple (Datura stramonium L.) (Solanaceae) were investigated for acaricidal, repellent and oviposition deterrent properties against adult two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) under laboratory conditions. Leaf and seed extracts, which were applied in 167,250 and 145,750 mg/l concentrations, respectively (using a Petri leaf disc-spray tower method), caused 98 and 25% mortality among spider mite adults after 48 h. The simple logistic regression analysis showed that the independent variable, an increase in the dose of leaf extract was associated with a significant increase in the death rate of T. urticae females, but an increase in the dosage of seed extracts did not have a significant effect. Using probit analysis and estimating the parameters with a confidence limit of 95%, we determined the LC 50 values of leaf extract to be 70,593 mg/l. According to Pearson's v 2 test, mites showed the strongest run off to bean leaf surfaces sprayed with both leaf and seed extracts (in sub-lethal doses: \7,500 mg/l and \25,000 mg/l, respectively) and moved towards surfaces that had not been sprayed with extracts. Furthermore, repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant difference between the number of eggs laid on unsprayed bean leaves compared to bean leaves that were sprayed with leaf and seed extracts at sub-lethal doses, 2,500 and 25,000 mg/l concentrations, respectively. These results suggest that D. stramonium extracts could be used to manage the two-spotted spider mite.

No abstract

More than one hundred species of Eriophyoidea have been recorded hitherto from Turkey. Within the last decade, a large plant survey was carried out in order to investigate the eriophyoid fauna present in Turkey, with particular emphasis on species affecting weeds and ornamental plants. In addition, the Turkish literature has been examined for previous records of eriophyoid mites. New species, Paraphytoptus intybi n. sp. on common cichory, Cichorium intybus (Compositae) and Phytoptus albae n. sp. on white poplar, Populus alba (Salicaceae), are described and illustrated herein. In addition, a further 31 species were found to be new records for the eriophyoid fauna of Turkey with Aceria calaceris, Phyllocoptes didelphis and Vasates immigrans being new reports for the Palaearctic region. All known eriophyoid species records from Turkey appearing in papers published up until March 2013 are listed in this catalogue along with remarks and information on their current distribution in Turkey and taxonomic status.

In a laboratory study, we determined the potential of three Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) species, T. brassicae Bezdenko, T. minutum Riley and T. nr. sibiricum Sorokina, for biological control against six species of forest lepidopteran pests, black army cutworm, hemlock looper, eastern spruce budworm, western spruce budworm, white‐marked tussock moth, and gypsy moth. Females of each parasitoid species were offered eggs from each of the six host species. Parasitization and the effect of the host species on the emerging progeny were examined and recorded. Trichogramma minutum had the broadest host range and successfully parasitized four host species out of the six offered. Trichogramma nr. sibiricum had the narrowest host range and parasitized only two species of hosts. Of the six host species, black army cutworm was the most preferred by all three Trichogramma species; white‐marked tussock moth and gypsy moth were not parasitized by any parasitoids. There was a positive correlation between the size of female offspring and their corresponding egg complement in all three parasitoid species. The developmental time of parasitoids from egg to adult was influenced by both the parasitoid and host species. Our results suggest that T. minutum has the greatest potential for biological control against various forest lepidopteran pests and that the black army cutworm may be the best target candidate for further study.

Allogalumna turkeyensis n. sp. and Zygoribatula lanceolata n. sp. are described from added to the Turkish fauna. Complementary data on some of the recorded species are provided.

SummaryThe abundance and species diversity of both plant parasitic and predatory mites were assessed on two nightshade plants species, Solanum nigrum L. around Solanacaeous vegetables in Bursa, Yalova and Ankara provinces of Turkey, and Solanum dulcamara L. in only Ankara during [2009][2010]. Fourthy two and thirty-four mite species were determined from S. nigrum and S. dulcamara, recpectively. The plant parasitic mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Eotetranychus uncatus Garman (Acari: Tetranychidae) were predominant species on both nightshade species. Besides these polyphagous species, the worldwide pests of vegetables, Aculops lycopersici Massee (Acari: Eriophyidae) and T. turkestani Ugarov & Nycolsky (Acari: Tetranychidae) were detected as a potential pests. Because of these injouring mites are not monophagous species, the weeds take role as reservior plants for mites and allow incerasing populations of the mites in Solanacaeous vegetable areas. However, predatory mites, Neoseiulus marginatus (Wainstein), N. californicus (McGregor), Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki Wainstein (Acari: Phytoseiidae), Neopronematus neglectus (Kuzn.), Pronematus ubiquitus (McG.) (Acari: Iolinidae) and Zetzellia mali (Ewing) (Acari: Stigmaeidae), were identified as common species on the nightshade species. Phytoseiids and iolinids existed in a stronger clear numerical response to spider mite populations. Despite the biodiversity increasing mite fauna was predatory mites of both nihgtshades in all locations, the abundances of plant parasitic mites were very higher than those of predatory species. Aculus solani Boczek&Davis (Eriophyidae), Cheyletus baloghi Volgin (Cheyletidae) and Cheiroseius necorniger (Oud.) (Ascidae) were found the first records for the Turkish mite fauna.

Mite species belongs to Tetraychychidae (3); Tenupalpidae (2), Stigmaeidae (1), Tydeiidae (2), (Acari: Prostigmata); Phytoseiidae (10) (Acari: Mesostigmata) and Acaridae (1) (Astigmata) were identified on woody ornamental plants and shrubs in Erzurum (Eastern part of Turkey). The samples were collected from Erzurum (Centrum, Pasinler, Köprüköy, Horasan, Aziziye-Ilıca, Aşkale, Tortum, Uzundere and Çat districts) with a weekly interval between April to October during 2015 and 2016. Five species were phytophagous mites (belong to Tenuipalpidae and Tetranychidae), while the others are considered as predators or feed on microorganisms, neutral in their habitats. Nineteen mite species representing in three orders: Amblyseius andersoni (Chant), Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans), Euseius finlandicus (Oudemans), Typlodromus cotoneastri (Wainstein), Neoseiulus astutus (Beglyarov), Phytoseius finitimus Ribaga, Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) kerkirae Swirski and Ragusa, Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) recki (Wainstein), Paraseiulus soleiger (Ribaga), Neoseiulella tiliarum (Oudemans), Zetzellia mali (Ewing), Tydeus kochi Oudemans, Tydeus californicus (Banks), Tetranychus urticae Koch, Bryobia rubrioculus (Scheuten), Bryobia praetiosa Koch, Cenopalpus pulcher (Canestini & Fanzago) Brevipalpus californicus (Banks), Tyrophagus putrescentiae. These results showed that Erzurum has rich biodiversity especially concerning predatory mite fauna. T. urticae (Schrank), was the most abundant and common phytophagous species (53.11%) while some other species were represented only one specimen (Neoseiulus astutus (Beglyarov) (Phytoseiidae). Most preferred hosts plants were Philadelphus coronarius L. (Hydrangeaceae) (8), Malus coronaria L. (Rosaceae) (7) and Rosa canina L. (Rosaceae) (6) while Syringa vulgaris L. (Oleaceae), Salix sp. (Salicaceae) and Rosa pisiformis (Christ) (Rosaceae) were populated by only (2) and (1) mite species respectively.

Turkish populations of eriophyid mites infesting Malvaceae, Asteraceae and Caryophyllaceae were examined. Analyses of morphometric data, induced symptoms, and comparisons to the morphology and descriptions of known species indicated presence of three new species which are described and illustrated. These are: Aceria egmirae n. sp. fromAlthaea rosae (L.) Cavan, A. tinctoriae n. sp. from Anthemis tinctoria L. and A. ankarensis n. sp. from Dianthus chinensis L. No injuries were detected on the host plants.