The aim of the presented study was to evaluate some blood gas, hemogram, and biochemical parameters in cats with hemoplasmosis. Ten healthy and fifteen cats with hemoplasmosis were enrolled in the study. 7 mL of blood sample was taken once from all cats included in the study into tubes with and without anticoagulant. Blood gas, complete blood count, and biochemical analyzes were performed from blood samples. While pH and HCO3 levels of cats with hemoplasmosis were significantly lower than healthy cats, lactate and BE levels were higher (p< 0.05). WBC, MON, GRA and RDW levels were found to be significantly higher than in healthy cats, while RBC, HCT, Hb, and PLT levels were found to be lower (p< 0.05). AST, TBIL, DBIL, P, TRI, LDH, TP, and CPK levels were significantly higher than healthy subjects, while ALB and Ca levels and A:G ratio were found to be low (p< 0.05). As a result, significant changes occur in blood gas, complete blood count, and biochemical parameters of cats with hemoplasmosis. In addition, it was concluded that the A:G ratio should be considered in the diagnosis of cats with hemoplasmosis and that it should be evaluated together with other diagnostic test results.

World Health Organization data suggest that neurological disorders are an important and growing cause of morbidity. One of the most common neurological disorder affecting people is epilepsy. Many companion animal neurological diseases share epidemiologic, pathophysiologic and clinical features with their human counterparts. In companion animals, affected species are mostly dogs, cats and rabbits. Seizure is defined as the clinical manifestation of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Epilepsy is a brain disease characterized by the psychological, cognitive, social and environmental consequences of seizures. The epileptic seizures are recurrent events characterized by behavioral alterations that reflect the underlying neural mechanisms of the disease. In most cases, the disease can be diagnosed by anamnesis or observing the seizure. There are many reviews and researches about epilepsy and epileptic seizures in companion animals such as dogs and cats but not in rabbits. There are several causes of epilepsy in rabbits including viral, bacterial, parasitic, metabolic, respiratory, cardiovascular, nutritional, toxic, traumatic, enviromental and non-epileptic causes. Rabbits can be considered suitable for seizure and epilepsy investigations due to their recurrent seizures with low risk of death. As mentioned, there are several causes of epilepsy in rabbits but still to elucidate the exact mechanism of epilepsy and epileptic seizures in rabbits more studies need to be carried out. Despite the advances in the disease management, epilepsy is still an important cause of disability and mortality in both humans and companion animals. As tonic-clonic seizures with brainstem origin mostly affect children, epileptic seizures in rabbits may be a good model for further studies. Key words: Brain disease, epilepsy, neural disturbances, behavioral alterations, rabbit, seizure.

This case report aims to emphasize the acute management of a dog with suspected salt intoxication, which consists of a treatment protocol with hematological and Modified Glasgow Coma Scale (MGCS) changes and electrocardiographic (ECG) evaluation. A 6-month-old male mixed-breed dog was admitted to the emergency clinic with complaints of weakness, hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea and gait disturbance. It was learned from the owner that the dog was fed on whey for the first time on the morning of the admission day. Salt toxication was suspected based on history and clinical symptoms. The diagnosis was confirmed by laboratory analysis (

T he mortality rate in puppies of 7-8 weeks of age is high, estimated to account for 20% of all neonates. The 75-90% of neonatal deaths occur due to hypoxia, hypothermia, hypoglycemia and infectious diseases during the first 3 weeks (Mila et al., 2012; Münnich and Küchenmeister, 2014). Infectious diseases associated with high mortality in neonatal dogs that can cause gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms can be listed as Canine Parvo-virus causing hemorrhagic enteritis, myocarditis and leukoencephalopathy (Schaudien et al., 2010); Canine Distemper Virus causing respiratory disorders and demyelinated leukoencephalitis (Buragohain et al., 2017; Gülersoy et al., 2020) and protozoal diseases such as Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora Caninum and Sarcocystis spp. (Dubey et al., 1995; Gaitero et al., 2006) which are characterized by meningoencephalomyelitis, polymyositis and polyradiculoneuritis, especially in immunosuppressive patients (Vandevelde and Cachin, 1993; Sykes, 2014). White Shaker Syndrome is a

This clinical report describes a 1-year-old Golden Retriever dog weighing 24 kg that developed gastroenteritis as a result of the unprescribed and random use of a syrup Hedera helix extract, which is for human use only. Diagnosis was made after ruling out other factors that could cause gastroenteritis. An improvement in clinical findings was observed as a result of supportive treatment. It is already widely recognized that triterpene saponins, biological active compounds of Hedera helix, cause gastroenteritis in dogs and it is considered that unprescribed and random use of syrup Hedera helix at high doses, may cause severe gastroenteritis symptoms that will endanger life. It is concluded that successful management of Hedera helix extract poisoning depends on a good anamnesis, physical exams, and laboratory tests, rapidly ruling out other causes of gastroenteritis, quitting the use of syrup immediately and a supportive treatment