Abstract-This paper discusses e-Government, in particular the challenges that face adoption in Saudi Arabia. e-Government can be defined based on an existing set of requirements. In this research we define e-Government as a matrix of stakeholders: governments to governments, governments to business and governments to citizens, using information and communications technology to deliver and consume services. e-Government has been implemented for a considerable time in developed countries. However, e-Government services still face many challenges in their implementation and general adoption in many countries including Saudi Arabia. It has been noted that the introduction of e-Government is a major challenge facing the government of Saudi Arabia, due to possible concerns raised by its citizens. In addition, the literature review and the discussion identify the influential factors that affect the citizens' intention to adopt e-Government services in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, these factors have been defined and categorized followed by an exploratory study to examine the importance of these factors. Therefore, this research has identified factors that determine if the citizen will adopt e-Government services and thereby aiding governments in accessing what is required to increase adoption.Index Terms-Adoption, citizens' intention, e-Government, G2C, influential factors. I. INTRODUCTIONThe World Wide Web (WWW) has become a necessity and an indispensable tool in the daily life of people worldwide [1]. It is widely recognized that many people prefer the online version of a service as a quick and easy approach to achieving their daily activities, including reading newspapers, paying bills, etc. [2].As information and communication technologies (ICT) rapidly develop, coupled with considerable improvements in digital connectivity, governments are reassessing the way they work and interact both internally and with external organizations [1]. This technology has encouraged the government's organizations and affiliations to reconsider their internal and external relations and transactions. Therefore, in order to succeed and build for the future, the administrative processes of government are being transferred to electronic systems. Governments worldwide are considering establishing an electronic approach Manuscript received February 5, 2014. S. A. Alateyah is with Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK (e-mail: saa1y10@ ecs.soton.ac.uk).R. M. Crowder is with Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK (e-mail: rmc@ ecs.soton.ac.uk) G. B. Wills is with the Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK (e-mail: gbw@ ecs.soton.ac.uk).(e-Government) to government organizations and agencies in order to provide and facilitate many services to people anywhere and at any time, and to replace traditional routine procedures. Within the paradigm of human and social development, the United Nations [3] has a con...

Abstract-this paper discusses e-government, in particular the challenges that face adoption of e-government in Saudi Arabia. In this research we define e-government as a matrix of stakeholders: governments to governments, governments to business and governments to citizens, using information and communications technology to deliver and consume services. egovernment services still face many challenges in their implementation and general adoption in many countries including Saudi Arabia. In addition, the background and the discussion identify the influential factors that affect the citizens' intention to adopt e-government services in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, these factors have been defined and categorized followed by an exploratory study to examine the importance of these factors. Therefore, this research has identified factors that determine if the citizen will adopt e-government services and thereby aiding governments in accessing what is required to increase adoption.

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Healthcare is a critical field of research and equally important for all nations. Providing secure healthcare facilities to citizens is the primary concern of each nation. However, people living in remote areas do not get timely and sufficient healthcare facilities, even in developed countries. During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, many fatalities occurred due to the inaccessibility of healthcare facilities on time. Therefore, there is a need to propose a solution that may help citizens living in remote areas with proper and secure healthcare facilities without moving to other places. The revolution in ICT technologies, especially IoT, 5G, and cloud computing, has made access to healthcare facilities easy and approachable. There is a need to benefit from these technologies so that everyone can get secure healthcare facilities from anywhere. This research proposes a framework that will ensure 24/7 accessibility of healthcare facilities by anyone from anywhere, especially in rural areas with fewer healthcare facilities. In the proposed approach, the patients will receive doorstep treatment from the remote doctor in rural areas or the nearby local clinic. Healthcare resources (doctor, treatment, patient counseling, diagnosis, etc.) will be shared remotely with people far from these facilities. The proposed approach is tested using mathematical modeling and a case study, and the findings confirm that the proposed approach helps improve healthcare facilities for remote patients.

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Bus reservation system had actualized in different nations for years, at first from manual to automated reservation system. Online bus ticketing and reservation administrations are adequately expanding in the market since it was propelled by Park May. Now, numerous individuals and organizations are beginning to gain insights of the express bus reservation system. Considering the bus ticket reservation system that has experienced a constant development in the recent years, nevertheless the means for their specifications are still underdeveloped. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a language for the specification, visualization and documentation of object-oriented software systems. There is a lot of potential value in UML and diagrams in general. Existing UML diagrams can be utilized to helpfully display conduct. Therefore, in order to understand the development of bus reservation system, it is important to understand what the requirements are on the complete web based bus reservation system. Analyzing the web based bus reservation system by using UML diagrams. Consequently, the nature of theoretical models legitimately influences the nature of the comprehension of the application space and the nature of the last programming items that are at last dependent on them. In this study, we present (web based bus reservation system-UML), the proposed extension to UML covers aspects of use case diagram, sequence diagram, activity diagram and class diagram of the web based bus reservation at the various views and diagrams of UML.