Objectives: COVID-19 is an important viral disease that affects human health significantly. It has recently become widespread worldwide. The oxidant/antioxidant balance has an important effect on viral infections. This study investigated superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT), disulphide (DS), oxidative DNA damage, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in COVID-19 patients. Material and methods: 35 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and 35 healthy volunteers at Dursun Odabaş Medical Center were included in the study. Levels of GSH, GPx, SOD, NT, TT and DS were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serum samples. MDA and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine/106deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG/106dG) were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the serum samples. Results: SOD, GSH-PX, GSH, NT and TT levels were lower in the COVID-19 patient group compared to the healthy control group, while the levels of DS and 8-OHdG/106dG were significantly higher (p=0.001). In addition, there were a negative correlation between 8-OHdG/106dG and GSH, NT and TT, while there was a positive correlation with DS. Conclusion: This study revealed that SOD, GPX, MDA, 8-OHdG, and DS increased and GSH, NT, and TT decreased in COVID-19 patients. These results revealed that COVID-19 patients have reduced levels of antioxidant proteins and increased oxidative stress markers.
In this study, in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and phenolic profile of different solvent extracts of Scilla mesopotamica speta were determined in detail. In vitro antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of plant extracts obtained with different solvents were tested in terms of 2.2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were determined in the ethyl acetate extract (62.24 µg GAE/mg) and chloroform extract (87.72 µg QE/mg) respectively. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was detected in ethyl acetate extracts. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities were investigated by MIC method. The inhibitory activities of the extracts on the acetyl cholinesterase enzyme were investigated. Liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry LC‐MS/MS was used to determine the phenolic component content of extracts. Thirty‐one different components were identified in the analyses and their amounts were measured. Practical applications Scilla mesopotamica speta is an endemic and medicinal plant. It was determined that the extracts of this plant had a very rich content in terms of phenolic compounds, especially caffeic and ferulic acids. However, this plant was remarkable for its antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. Considering the strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities of the Scilla mesopotamica speta it can be suggested as a source of anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral drugs.
Amaç: Meme kanseri (MK), iyi prognozlu tedevi edilebilir bir hastalıktan tedavi edilemeyen kötü prognozlu metastatik hastalığa kadar değişkenlik gösteren heterojen bir hastalıktır. Günümüzde meme kanseri tanısı çoğunlukla görüntüleme teknikleri kullanılarak yapılmakta ve değişen faktörlerin etkisi (meme dokusunun yoğunluğu, yaş vs.) bu yöntemi sınırlamaktadır. Ayrıca serum ve doku belirteçleri ile tanı konularak hastalığın seyri takip edilmektedir. Meme kanserinin tanısının konulmasında ve patolojisinin belirlenmesinde başarılı, hızlı, güvenilir ve erken saptamada kullanılabilecek biyo-belirteçlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Standart tanı yöntemlerinin sahip olduğu sınırlamaların üstesinden gelebilmek için metabolomikler yeni bir yaklaşım olmuştur. Metabolomik yaklaşımı doku, serum veya idrar gibi biyolojik numunelerde çok düşük ağırlıklı (<1kDa) metabolitlerin teşhisini olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu metabolitlerden biri olan serbest karnitin ve açil karnitinler hem bir biyo-belirteç olarak hem de meme kanserinin metabolizmasının, gelişiminin ve ilerlemesinin anlaşılmasında önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada meme kanseri patolojisinde değişen karnitinlerin tespit edilmesi ve erken tanısında kullanılabilecek biyo-belirteçlerin saptanması hedeflenmiştir. Materyal ve Metod: MCF-7 (ER+/PR+), MDA-MB-231(ER-/PR-/HER2-) ve CRL-4010 (normal) hücreleri çoğaltılarak homojenize edildi ve LC-MS/MS cihazı kullanılarak çalışıldı. Sonuçları “metaboanalyst” programında değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Serbest karnitin ve karnitin esterleri kanser hücre hatlarında (MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231) kontrol hücreye (CRL-4010) göre yüksek bulundu. MCF-7 hücrelerinde CRL-4010 ve MDA-MB-231 hücrelerine göre C5-OH, C12, C3, C5:1, C14:1, C10, C0, C6 ve C14:2 karnitinleri belirgin olarak artmış; MDA-MB-231 hücrelerinde MCF-7 ve CRL-4010 hücrelerine göre C14, C16, C5, C8:1 ve C18 karnitinlerinin arttığı ve C10DC, C4 ve C10:1 karnitinlerinin ise kanser hücrelerinde kontrol hücrelerine göre artış gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Kanser biyo-belirteç adayı olabilecek karnitinler ise MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231 kanser hücrelerini CRL-4010 kontrol hücrelerinden ayırmada C0; MDA-MB-231 ve MCF-7 kanser hücrelerini birbirinden ayırmada ise C5-OH biyo-belirteç adayı olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlara göre karnitinler, kontrol grubunu kanserli gruptan ayırmada başarılı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
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