Background: A malignancy of testicles is known as testicular cancer. The testicles are positioned directly below the penis in the scrotum. The testicles' purpose is to create sperm for reproduction. A lump in the testicles and pain or swelling in the scrotum are the possible symptoms. Infertility may occur as a result of treatment. An undescended testis, a family history of the disease, and a previous history of testicular cancer are all risk factors. Germ cell tumors, which are split into seminomas and non-seminomas, are the most prevalent form. Sex-cord stromal tumors and lymphomas are two more forms. Liver metastasis is a cancerous tumor that has spread to the liver from another organ that has been impacted by malignancy. In liver metastases, the malignant cells that develop are not liver cells. They are cancer cells from the region of cancer's genesis in the body. Cancer has progressed to the liver from another portion of the body, doctors may refer to the metastatic liver disease as stage four or modern cancer. The incidence of primary liver cancer is lower than that of liver metastases: cirrhosis or hepatitis are common risk factors in persons with primary liver cancer. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 24-year-old male with complaints of mass in left testis for the past one and half years. The mass was slow-growing, non-painful. The patient complained of heavy feeling in the lower abdomen with a recent history of loss of appetite, weight loss, and backache. The diagnosis was done with the help of ultrasound, blood tests, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan imaging & treated with excision. Conclusion: Testicle’s malignancy is regarded as an oncologic achievement because more people will be treated with an amalgamation of chemotherapy and surgery. The radiologists are crucial in finding cancers throughout the patient presentation, correctly grading illness, and detecting recurrence malignancy during scanning monitoring. A case of Testicle’s malignancy and liver metastasis in a twenty-four-year-old man that had managed with a multicentric approach. Genetic counseling and psychological assistance should be provided to the family of a person presenting with the testicular mass as a part of the genetic condition.
Urinary calculus is a medical condition characterized by the formation of hard deposits in the urinary tract. It is also known as kidney stones and can cause severe pain and discomfort. The most common type of urinary calculus is composed of calcium, but it can be made of other substances such as uric acid or struvite. Risk factors for developing urinary calculus include dehydration, family history, certain medical conditions, and certain medications. Urinary calculi are a common condition that can cause significant discomfort and morbidity in affected individuals. CT imaging is the gold standard technique that helps diagnose urinary calculi. During the examination, axial and coronal images are commonly used. However, the optimal imaging approach has not been clearly defined. The study will include patients with suspected urinary calculi who undergo CT imaging at a single institution. Both axial and coronal images will be reconstructed using M.I.P. The primary outcome measure will be the sensitivity and specificity of the two imaging approaches for detecting urinary calculi. Secondary outcome measures will include the time required for image reconstruction, the radiation exposure associated with each approach, and the subjective preference of the radiologists for one approach over the other. The study is expected to provide valuable information on the optimal imaging approach for evaluating urinary calculi. If one approach is superior, it could lead to a more efficient and effective diagnosis and treatment of this common condition. Additionally, the study will provide data on the radiation exposure associated with each approach, which could inform clinical decision-making and improve patient safety. In this study, the protocol aims to compare the diagnostic performance of axial and coronal C.T. images using maximum intensity projection (MIP) for the evaluation of urinary calculi.
Background: In the sellar region, pituitary tumors are frequent. Clinically evident pituitary lesions account for around 10% of all intracranial lesions, whereas incidental pituitary tumors are found in about 11% of people. Benign adenomas are the most common kind of pituitary tumor. These adenomas are generally tiny when they appear first and manifest early as a hormonal imbalance occurs due to overproduction. A commonly used treatment for adenomas is the excision of the tumor. If metastasis occurs, chemotherapy/radiotherapy can be used. The most common complication of pituitary adenoma is transient or permanent diabetes insipid us, CSF rhinorrhea, or visual field defects. Case Presentation: We herein present an interesting case of a 70-year-old female patient of the department of neurosurgery. A patient came on an outpatient basis with a clinical history of severe headache in the last 15 days, blurring of vision in bilateral eyes, diplopia and fainting in the previous 8-10 days, fever (on and off) in the past 8 days. The diagnosis was done with the help of CT and MRI scan imaging and treated with excision of adenoma. Many malignancies can be prevented by making specific lifestyle modifications (such as staying at a healthy weight or quitting smoking). However, no known outside risk factors have been associated with pituitary tumors. As a result, at this moment, there is no known strategy to avoid these adenomas other than early intervention. Conclusion: A case of sellar and supra-sellar mass lesion-imaging consistent with pituitary macroadenoma in 70-year-old women managed with a multicentric approach. Genetic counseling and psychological assistance should be provided to the members of the family. The presenting with pituitary adenoma is part of a genetic condition. With further information on adenohypophyseal cytodifferentiation pathways, the classification of these cancer is expected to improve in the future.
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