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The present study was carried out to evaluate the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological changes due to thiacloprid toxicity, and the potential protective role of flaxseed oil in male Wistar albino rats. Subacute thiacloprid intoxication induced a significant increase in RBCs, Hb, PCV, and WBCs count, and bone marrow micronucleus (MN) formation. Moreover, there was a significant increase in serum biochemical parameters related to hepatic injury: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Serum total protein and albumin levels were significantly reduced. Thiacloprid increases tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukine-2(IL-2). There was a significant decrease in glutathione-S-transferase, while the lipid peroxidation (MDA) and cytochrome P450 activity were significantly increased. Flaxseed oil coadministration partially retrieved the changes in all studied parameters. Thiacloprid induced histopathological liver damage, which was minimized as a result of flaxseed oil treatment. In general, it was concluded that, flaxseed oil able to protect against thiacloprid-induced hepatoxicity.

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