Bandar Aceh Darussalam as tamaddun city in the tip of Sumatera Island and capital city of 17th century Islamic Aceh Sultanate, was a strategic coastal city. It had sloping beach and bays and was surrounded by mountains with rivers flowing through the city. Its wetlands-based urban development was reflected in the design of urban space structure and key elements of the city. It becomes inspiration for developing modern ecological city since 17th century Islamic cities in archipelago of the East is rarely studied. This research aimed to study the spatial concept of Bandar Aceh Darussalam. Data was collected by using the method of tracking physical information through ancient maps and field observation of the environment characteristic. It was found that the ecological character of the city seemed to be affected by the existence of integrated natural features, function and the role of the city that included Islamic concepts. The main elements of the city reflected the character of civilization in three aspects: the drainage system i.e. cut and fill, the scattered and wide empty space, and natural defense system. The concept of harmony between urban development and city's ecological character was shown in the design of urban landscape.
Laweyan, a traditional village, has existed before 1500 AD. As the trade center yarn (clothing material) of Pajang Kingdom, its presence meant after Kyai Ageng Anis (descendant of Brawijaya V) and grandson Raden Ngabehi Lor Ing Pasar who later became the first king of Mataram settled in Laweyan in 1546. Laweyan entrepreneurship in the communities ushered in the heyday of batik economic in century. Successfulness in the field of economy turned an impact on development in various fields, helped shape the pattern of space and environment. Spatial pattern and traditional settlements are usually much characterized by the mass of buildings that have appeared in the form of walls covered choke and surrounded by alley or narrow street, as seen in Laweyan with the existence of high 'beteng' which raises many narrow alleys and a Laweyan hallmark not only as a security but also one of the merchants attempt to maintain the privacy and obtain local authority in the community.
Abstrak Laweyan merupakan kampung tradisional yang keberadaannya sudah ada sejak sebelum tahun 1500 M. Sebagai pusat perdagangan lawe (bahan sandang) kerajaan Pajang, kehadirannya baru berarti setelah Kyai Ageng Anis (keturunan Brawijaya V) dan cucunya yaitu Raden Ngabehi Lor Ing Pasar yang kelak menjadi raja pertama Mataram bermukim di Laweyan tahun 1546 M. Jiwa enterpreneurship yang dimiliki masyarakat Laweyan telah mengantar pada masa kejayaan ekonomi batik dalam abad tersebut. Kesuksesan dalam bidang ekonomi ternyata memberikan dampak terhadap perkembangan di berbagai bidang, hal ini ikut membentuk pola ruang dan lingkungannya. Pola ruang dan permukiman tradisional biasanya banyak dicirikan dengan munculnya massa bangunan yang mempunyai tampak berupa dinding-dinding tertutup menghimpit dan dikelilingi oleh gang atau jalan sempit, hal ini terlihat di Laweyan dengan keberadaan "beteng" tinggi yang banyak memunculkan gang-gang sempit dan merupakan ciri khasLaweyan selain untuk keamanan juga merupakan salah satu usaha para saudagar untuk menjaga privacy dan memperoleh daerah kekuasaan di lingkungan komunitasnya.
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