Coal mining is an activity to exploit land to get coal stored underground. Environmental problems in coal mining activities are generally associated with Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The purpose of this study was to find out the best combination of organic matter and incubation time in remediating acid mine drainage on wetlands with water hyacinth plants. This research was conducted at PT Berau Coal in Tanjung Redeb, Berau, East Kalimantan. This study used a split-plot design. The main plot was the treatment of a combination of organic matter which consisted of 4 levels: A0 as a control (without organic matter), A1 with a combination of compost + sawdust (1:2), A2 with a combination of compost + sawdust (1:1), A3 with a combination of compost + sawdust (2:1). The subplot was treatment incubation time consisting of 2 levels, namely for 15 days and 33 days. Data analysis used variance analysis at the 5% level followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test with a level of 5% when there were significant differences. The results showed that the addition of organic matter had a significant effect on the increase in pH and a decrease in the concentration of Mn in water, but it did not significantly affect the decrease in Fe concentration in water. The best combination of organic matter in acid mine remediation in this study was compost + sawdust (2:1) during the incubation time of 33 days.
Studies on volcanic ash of Mount Merapi erupted in 2010 are limited to only characterization of mineralogical, physical, chemical, and biological properties of the volcanic ash. In order to speed up rehabilitation of soils affected by the volcanic ash, it is necessary to study the application of suitable plant species, which is called bio-mechanic conservation. The purpose of this study was to test the environmental adaptability of Canavalia virosa and Flemingia congesta in sandy soil covered by volcanic ash of Mount Merapi. This study was carried out using 2x4 Split-plot randomized block design with three replicates. The main plot of the design was plant species (Canavalia virosa and Flemingia congesta), while the sub plot was the dose of organic matter application (0, 20, 40, and 60 t / ha). Soil parameters measured were N-total, P-total, available P, available K, and organic matter contents. Plant parameters measured were plant dry weight and plant height. The results showed no significant differences in soil N, P and K contents of all treatments tested in this study after 9 weeks, except C organic content. Canavalia virosa grew well until 9 weeks, whereas Flemingia congesta started to die a 9 weeks after planting.
Erosi dapat terjadi karena faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibitas tanah, kemiringan dan panjang lereng serta penggunaan lahan dan pengelolaan lahan. Desa Sambirejo termasuk dalam desa yang memiliki bentuk lahan yang berbukit-bukit dengan berbagai macam kemiringan mulai dari datar (0-8%) hingga sangat terjal (>45%). Kemiringan yang beragam akan mempengaruhi kecepatan aliran air permukaan. Selain itu Desa Sambirejo memiliki berbagai macam penggunaan lahan antara lain kebun atau perkebunan, permukiman, sawah irigasi, sawah tadah hujan, tegalan, rumput atau lahan kosong, semak belukar dan tubuh air. Pemanfaatan lahan yang berbeda-beda pada berbagai macam kemiringan lereng dapat memperbesar risiko terjadinya erosi apabila tidak didukung dengan pengelolaan lahan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pendugaan erosi dan sebaran Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) di Desa Sambirejo. Perhitungan pendugaan erosi dihitung menggunakan metode USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) dan kelas TBE ditentukan berdasarkan tabel klasifikasi TBE menurut Kementrian Kehutanan (2013). Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survey. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode purposive berdasarkan overlay peta kemiringan lereng dan peta penggunaan lahan, sehingga diperoleh 16 satuan peta lahan. Parameter yang diukur antara lain erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, panjang lereng, kemiringan lereng, penggunaan lahan dan pengelolaan lahan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pendugaan erosi tertinggi pada satuan lahan tegalan sangat terjal dengan nilai A sebesar 5.210,45 ton/ha/thn (38,88 cm/thn) dan terendah nilai A sebesar 6,96 ton/ha/thn (0,05 cm/thn) pada satuan lahan sawah tadah hujan terjal. Tingkat bahaya erosi (TBE) diperoleh kelas ringan, sedang, berat dan sangat berat, sedangkan persentase luasan TBE yaitu, ringan 2,25%, sedang 19,01%, berat 4,32% dan sangat berat sebesar 74,43%.
The purpose of this study was to determine the Erosion hazard, to look for conservation of bio - mechanical techniques are appropriate . Research methods with overlies topographic maps, soil maps, land use maps, to obtain a Land Unit Map. Determined soil physical properties (texture, structure, permeability) and chemical properties of soil (soil organic matter), slope, slope length, broad of land unit, crops factor and value conservation factors that have been there for Land Unit. Each land unit is determined the amount of land erosion and erosion hazard level. Erosion hazard level is determined based on soil erosion, and soil depth. Erosion hazzard level is used to determine the bio-mechanical conservation, according Hardjowigeno and Sukmana (1995). The results showed that the highest erosion hazard level with an area of 12.947 ha is classified weight (Land unit 15A), and the classification of an area of 14.665 ha is clssified moderately (Land unit 6A). Soil conservation is done in areas with highest erosion hazard level by making individual terraces and “kerandang” planted as a cover crops.
Grand desain adalah sebuah metode dalam memperdalam potensi lokal daerah untuk menjadi landasan dalam mengembangkan suatu daerah. Keterlibatan pemerintah desa, pegurus lembaga, dan warga masyarakat sangat penting dalam merumuskan bentuk pengembangan wilayah tersebut. Atas dasar itu bentuk perencanaan partisipatif dipilih sebagai suatu strategi pengembangan potensi desa. Perspektif grand desain pengembangan desa ini meliputi Sumberdaya Alam, Sumberdaya Manusia, Sosial dan Budaya, Kelembagaan, dan Sumberdaya Lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi yang dimiliki Desa Salamrejo dan menganalisis potensi menggunakan pendekatan SOAR. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif pada masyarakat desa Salamrejo kecamatan Sentolo Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pengembangan Desa Wisata pada Desa Salamrejo berdasarkan potensi yang dimiliki sebagai berikut (1) Perencanaan dan pengembangan desa wisata di Desa Salamrejo pada bidang Sumber Daya Alam dengan memanfaatkan sungai progo untuk destinasi wisata; (2) pelatihan inovasi terhadap pelaku industri di bidang produksi, pengolahan, dan pemasaran produk serat alam dan lidah buaya, serta memotivasi masyarakat dalam pelestarian industri serat alam; (3) Penguatan kelembagaan dengan mensinergikan seluruh lembaga yang ada; (4) Edukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya pelestarian budaya; (5) Penanaman kembali serat alam dan optimalisasi susukan sebagai sumber irigasi masyarakat.
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