No abstract
The definition of NMT includes any form of transportation that provides personal or goods mobility by methods other than the combustion motor (Guitink et al. 1994). Walking is the most common form of non-motorized transportation (NMT), and the other forms of NMT include bicycles, tricycles, human porterage, handcarts, animal-drawn carts, and other human-powered vehicles.In the early years of the last century, bicycles used to have a major share of daily trips. With the objective of speeding up the movements, motor vehicles gained popularity over a period of time. With the economic progression, the motor vehicles have slowly taken over completely sidelining the non-motorized modes of transport. Overemphasis on motorized transport in the funds allocation for infrastructure development had further jeopardized the prospects of NMT. However, this trend is predominant in urban centers only, leaving bicycles still a major source of mobility in the rural areas. This particular trend is predominant in developing countries, whereas in the developed countries, the motorization had penetrated into rural areas as well.In many Asian countries, non-motorized bicycles (two-wheelers) and threewheelers are common sights, employing special adaptations to the vehicle for goods transport, hawking, or taking passengers. Walking accounts for two-thirds of total trips in large African cities such as Kinshasa and Dar es Salaam. In Karachi, walking and cycling account for 60 % of total trips and for 40 % of work-related trips. In Chennai, India, one-third of the vehicles entering the central business district are bicycles. In most of the Chinese cities, 50-90 % of vehicular passenger movements are by bicycle, with most of the remainder by bus.In Mumbai 40-60 % of daily trips are made by NMT (Cropper and Bhattacharya 2007;Rastogi 2002;Tiwari 2003). However, use of bicycle is insignificant in Parts of the material presented in this chapter are extracted from Yedla (2007).
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