Infant mortality rate (IMR) is an important development indicator and a vital component of millennium development goals (MDGs) set by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). According to UNDP, so far India has only fared moderately in reducing IMR (Goal 4 of MDGs). India (32) ranks 144th among 196 countries regarding IMR as per the 2017 data availed from World Development Indicators. Its adjacent countries such as Bhutan (25.6), Bangladesh (26.9) and Nepal (27.8) have fared much better regarding infant survival. Numbers within the parentheses indicate the IMR of the respective country. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has identified that IMR among families with better access to improved drinking water sources and toilet is much lower than those bereft of the same. This inference has been drawn from National Family Health Survey 3 data (NFHS III). The present study investigates into the aforementioned relation analysing NFHS IV data. The result depicts that contrary to UNICEF’s findings, IMR increases with better accessibility to improved water sources. Further to this, the article shows that an additional aqua-related practice together with improved drinking water sources might lead to the betterment of IMR for India.
The digital duo of the Internet and Mobile brought a sea change in production mode, economic, and market structure along with trade. A world where there are no time and space-bound eased business and commerce by extending the time of operation and eliminating the geographical boundary that led to a boost in worldwide trade. Here, the impressive performance of the South and Southeast Asia regarding e-commerce earns a special mention. At this context the present article considers 18 countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam) belonging to South and South-East Asia along with China for six years (2009-2014) and opts for a panel data analysis to determine the impact of digitalization on International Trade. The findings point to the fact that digitalization has a positive and statistically significant impact on trade volume.
Infant mortality rate (IMR) is one of the most important development indicators. In India, there is a severe interstate disparity regarding IMR. Kerala registers a very low IMR; whereas in Odisha it is pretty high. It is somewhat paradoxical as Odisha fares substantially better than many other states with lower IMR regarding total fertility rate, antenatal care and in many other aspects. The present article attempts to investigate the applicability of usually perceived major determinants of IMR as evidenced in the existing literature for Odisha. The panel data multiple regression carried out with data of 30 districts of Odisha over three years indicates that physiological and behavioural factors together with maternal and demographic factors are perhaps more important than the health programmes for reduction of IMR in Odisha. Moreover, many of the usually perceived major determinants of IMR including economic betterment are statistically insignificant for Odisha. The policymakers should take into account these facts and instead of a series of health programmes, they might resort to awareness building regarding breastfeeding and birth spacing. Mother’s nutritional status should also be strengthened so that they can sustain exhaustive breastfeeding for first six months after the birth of the child.
Retrieving reports of cybercrimes against women in two daily newspapers, the Times of India and the Hindu in the years 2014–2016 and taking a ratio of the same against the total number of cybercrimes in the same period reported by the National Crime Records Bureau, we have developed a simple media sensitivity index of cybercrimes against women. Considering the paucity of similar studies, this may reveal a new area of research which might also help to develop a more apt media sensitivity index, applicable to a range of crimes. Further, it may help to identify the thrust of media reports towards particular types of crimes as well as facilitate the measurement of media sensitivity to different crime genres.
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