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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the results of curative surgery with and without radiotherapy in patients with T1-2N0-1 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to evaluate survival and prognostic factors.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 86 patients with T1-2N0-1 OSCC who received surgery between January 2000 and December 2006. Fourteen patients (16.3%) received postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). Patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment modality, failure patterns, and survival rates were analyzed.ResultsThe median follow-up was 45 months. The five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 80.8% and 80.2%, respectively. Higher tumor grade and invasion depth ≥ 0.5 cm were the significant prognostic factors affecting five-year OS and DFS (OS rate; 65% vs. 91%, p = 0.001 for grade; 66% vs. 92%, p = 0.01 for invasion depth: DFS rate; 69% vs. 88%, p = 0.005 for grade; 66% vs. 92%, p = 0.013 for invasion depth). In the risk group, there was no local failure in patients with postoperative radiotherapy.ConclusionsIn T1-2N0-1 OSCC, factors that affected prognosis after primary surgery were higher tumor grade and deep invasion depth over 0.5 cm. Postoperative radiotherapy should be considered in early oral tongue cancer patients with these high-risk pathologic features.

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BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine whether cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) overexpression was an indicator of prognosis in patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage IIB uterine cervical carcinoma who underwent radiation and concurrent chemotherapy. METHODS Seventy‐five patients with FIGO Stage IIB squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix who were treated with radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy between 1991 and 1996 were divided into two groups according to their COX‐2 level in an immunohistochemical study: the COX‐2 negative group (n = 54 patients) and the COX‐2 positive group (n = 21 patients). The clinicopathologic features, patterns of treatment failure, and survival data for patients in the COX‐2 positive group were compared with data from the patients in the COX‐2 negative group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the prognostic factors that influenced patient survival. RESULTS In the immunohistochemical study, COX‐2 overexpression was observed in approximately 30% of patients with FIGO Stage IIB SCC of the uterine cervix. With delayed regression to the initial treatment, the treatment failure rate of patients in the COX‐2 positive group was much higher compared with the treatment failure rate of patients in the COX‐2 negative group. The higher incidence of central failure and lymph node failure for patients in the COX‐2 positive group was statistically significant (48% for the COX‐2 positive group vs. 13% for the COX‐2 negative group). However, there was no difference in the incidence of hematogenous metastases between the two groups (5% for the COX‐2 positive group vs. 7% for the COX‐2 negative group). In addition, increased COX‐2 expression in tumor cells also was correlated with a shorter interval to tumor recurrence (median interval to recurrence, 9 months in the COX‐2 positive group vs. 26 months in the COX‐2 negative group). Compared with patients in the COX‐2 negative group, patients in the COX‐2 positive group had lower overall actuarial and disease free survival rates (overall 5‐year actuarial survival rates: 56% for the COX‐2 positive group vs. 94% for the COX‐2 negative group; P = 0.003). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that COX‐2 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor that surpassed other well‐known clinicopathologic parameters. CONCLUSIONS COX‐2 overexpression can be used as a potent molecular risk factor in patients with FIGO Stage IIB SCC of the uterine cervix who are treated with radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy. Cancer 2002;95:531–9. © 2002 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.10684

There was a significantly improved survival rate in the TACERT group of unresectable HCC patients than in the TACE group, particularly in case of tumors > or =8 cm in diameter. Therefore, RT in addition to TACE is strongly recommended for patients with an unresectable HCC.

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