Traditionally the military or general aviation have been the trainingground for early career regional airline pilots (Mitchell, n.d.a). With the reduction in military pilot training and the high cost of general aviation flying, universities and airlines are undertaking ab-initio training of potential airline pilots. While there are technical standards for specific pilot knowledge, skill and flight performance, there is only guidance material on non-technical skills. Nontechnical skills are defined as: the mental, social, and personal-management abilities that complement the technical skills of workers and contribute to safe and effective performance in complex work systems. They include competencies such as decision-making, workload management, team communication, situation awareness, and stress management. (CASA, 2011, p. 8) The use of non-technical behaviour markers to identify a unique set of interpersonal skills for flight crews was identified by the aviation industry as a key factor in improving safety (Flin, Martin, Goeters, Hormann, Amalberti, Valot, & Nijhuis, 2003). However, most non-technical skills development is done using other programs that are modelled on specific cultures that may or may not define the behaviours that fit within an organisation (Fletcher, Flin, McGeorge, Glavin,
After the infamous attacks of September 11 in 2001, air transportation security has been the top priority of policymaking agenda by government agencies, particularly the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). While security measures of commercial airports have been improved dramatically, FAA FAR 139 Class IV non-commercial airports remain somewhat ignored, as there is a minimal security requirement. In fact, the security of non-commercial or general aviation airports is equally critical because large transport category aircraft (TCA), such as Boeing 737-800, intermittently operate out of some of these airports. For instance, many NCAA member universities charter large TCA at GA airports carrying athletics, staff, luggage and equipment to and from various destinations. While terrorist attacks on a large TCA at a Class IV non-commercial airport has never happened, the lack of adequate security measures could invite potential terrorists to take advantage of an airport's insufficient security measure. This project uses Delphi methodology in conjunction with a series of surveys and observations on GA airports that do not serve commercial air carriers but, from time to time, accommodate large TCA for NCAA member universities. This research yields a list of possible airport vulnerabilities when large aircraft are present, followed by security recommendations to mitigate the potential risk.
Action Research (AR) is a scientific methodology whereby researchers participate in a research setting for data collection and problem resolution. Aviation researchers experience first-hand challenges in process cognition, data collection, and selection of implementation strategies. The AR think-path, or the "Look-Think-Acf' loop, has been utilized in the qualitative research discipline for decades. Yet the merits of AR remain under-utilized by airport safety practitioners. The purpose of this study is to introduce AR for the development of a functional safety management system (SMS) to support airport safety education. Using documentary research, this paper reviews the process of AR and identifies a detailed set of methodological procedures in support of the recently published FAA's Advanced Notice of Proposed Rule Making, FAA Order 1110.152, for the implementation of SMS. This study provides a tool to integrate ongoing airport safety programs which will benefit airport management and current aviation students. The core SMS safety analysis process and the Policy Research Construct (PRC) {ref} are supportive to the AR methodology along with the adoption of a proposed Aviation Safety Management Model (ASMM). The application of this study contributes a valuable research methodology to support airport managers and safety educators.
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