The potentials of using blockchains and distributed ledgers to support voting processes have attracted significant attention in the electronic voting community. Most of these recent ideas are centered on blockchain-based e-voting protocols. Others focus on how blockchain can be exploited to simultaneously deliver auditability and anonymity of voters in the voting process. A common feature of these research efforts is the use of blockchain within e-voting contexts. We elaborate in this work the integrity requirements that must be supported by blockchain in online voting as well as offline voting prevalent in developing countries. The framework conditions for blockchain-based voting are also discussed.
There are a number of past and ongoing research efforts on the development of e-voting systems. These works largely focus on requirements, technical specification and implementation technologies to support different aspects of the elections from registration and verification through balloting to counting and result. A major shortcoming of these studies is their sole focus on technical aspect of e-voting solution wit/lOut significant attention paid to human and environment factors that arguably determine the successful adoption of such e-voting solutions. This paper addresses this design gap in three steps.First, it provides a conceptualization of e-voting system as a socio-technical system.Second, it elaborates a set of principles to guide a socioteclmical design for e-voting. Third, it provides concrete implications of these principles. The paper concludes on the pragmatics of this approach to e-voting adoption particularly in environment such as Nigeria.
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