An early genetic evaluation of morphology and wood properties of Tectona grandis L. (teak) used two 4-yr-old trials with 36 clones x 3 blocks x 1 ramet (216 trees). Morphologic traits (breast height (DBH), heartwood (HWP), tree height) and some easily measured wood properties (specify gravity, tangential, radial and volumetric shrinkage; growth strain, and dynamic elastic modulus measured in standing tree, in logs, in green lumber and in dried lumber) were evaluated to establish clonal variations and their heritabilities. The broadsense heritability (Ĥ 2 ) is greater than 0.3 for DBH, radial and volume shrinkage, growth strain and dynamic elastic modulus of standing trees and logs. DBH and tree height were not genetically correlated with any wood properties, although DBH was genetically correlated with tree height and the dynamic elastic modulus in dried-lumber. According with above results, the evaluation of heritability and genetic control of wood properties is limited when it is evaluated in the juvenile stage of T. grandis clones. However morphology (DBH and tree height), and two wood properties (radial and tangential shrinkage) and the dynamic elastic modulus of dried-lumber present opportunities in the heritability or genetic control values in juvenile and they can be introduced in the genetic program.Key words: early evaluation, correlation genotypic, heritability. IntroductionTeak is a tropical species that is widely planted in Costa Rica (PÉREZ and KANINNEN, 2005). It is a species with potential to produce high quality wood (BHAT, 2000;BHAT et al., 2001) because of its good physical and mechanical properties (MOYA and PÉREZ, 2008) and color, which set market acceptance (TEWARI, 1999; THU-LASIDAS et al., 2006;ZOBEL and SPRAGUE, 1998). In clonal plantations wood quality is influenced by intensity of management and correct selection of clone phenotypic characteristics (height, diameter, and morphology) (GAL-LOWAY et al., 2001; PÉREZ and KANINNEN, 2005).Traditionally morphological characteristics of trees, such as diameter and height have been used as the main predictors of individual internal characteristics (ZOBEL and VAN BUIJTENEN, 1989;ZOBEL and SPRAGUE, 1998). In recent years, the genetic selection of plus trees have been used for wood properties selection (CALLIS-TERY and COLLINS, 2008).General evaluations of wood properties are limited and restricted to trees over 8 years old (BHAT and INDIRA, 2005;INDIRA and BHAT, 1998; RAO and SHASAHIKALA, 2003; NANARAYAN et al., 2009). However, assessments at an early age (PANDE and SINGH, 2005;SOTELO et al., 2007a and2007b;WEBER and SOTELO, 2008) using non-destructive techniques (GRABIANOWSKI et al., 2006;LINDSTROM et al., 2004;MOYA and MARÍN, 2011;SOTELO et al., 2007a) should permit genetic evaluation without inhibiting tree growth.Assessment of wood properties, their correlation with morphological characteristics and changes as the tree gets older (GOH and MONTEUUIS, 2005;SOTELO et al., 2007a and2007b) are needed to determine the best age for gene...
Con financiamiento del Gobierno Regional de Aysén el Instituto Forestal está desarrollando el programa Herramienta Sostenible para Negocios de Biomasa, cuyo principal objetivo es la búsqueda de alternativas tecnológicas para la producción de energía a partir de biomasa forestal que permitan la generación de esta con menores niveles de contaminación del aire y mayor eficiencia que con el tradicional uso de leña para este fin. Países europeos, como España, Alemania y Suecia, han desarrollado diferentes técnicas de generación de energía a partir de biomasa forestal a mediana y pequeña escala para distribuir calefacción y electricidad a pequeños pueblos, empresas y edificios residenciales o para proveer combustibles basados en biomasa, como pellets, astillas y otros. Dentro del marco del programa en Aysén se realizó en junio de 2016 una gira técnica a los países mencionados para visitar empresas, instituciones de investigación e investigadores vinculados con el uso de biomasa con fines energéticos
La Región de Aysén concentra el 30% de la superficie de bosque de Chile, su recurso forestal se ha trabajado por muchos años y la extracción de leña forma parte de la costumbre patagona. El uso del recurso forestal biomasa privilegia la utilización de un recurso energético propio de la región, que permite la generación de energía térmica/eléctrica como energía renovable no convencional (ERNC) llamada dendroenergía. Este tipo de ERNC involucra beneficios, como la estabilidad poblacional, al crear empleo en las zonas rurales; la reducción de la contaminación, al emplear un combustible de calidad y renovable, y la disminución de los riesgos de incendios, al incentivar el manejo de los bosques, tornándose así en un recurso local que genera riqueza en el territorio
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