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The study of occupational stress is hindered by the lack of compact and comprehensive standardized measurement tools. The Pressure Management Indicator (PMI) is a 120-item self-report questionnaire developed from the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI). The PMI is more reliable, more comprehensive, and shorter than the OSI. It provides an integrated measure of the major dimensions of occupational stress. The outcome scales measure job satisfaction, organizational satisfaction, organizational security, organizational commitment, anxiety--depression, resilience, worry, physical symptoms, and exhaustion. The stressor scales cover pressure from workload, relationships, career development, managerial responsibility, personal responsibility, home demands, and daily hassles. The moderator variables measure drive, impatience, control, decision latitude, and the coping strategies of problem focus, life work balance, and social support.

Sociologists of labour have explored the relationship of trade unions to other social movements and the conditions that allow 'coalitions across the class divide' to be formed. This article examines this question by presenting evidence on the interaction between trade unions and other civil society organizations in the UK; that is, advocacy, identity and single-issue, campaigning organizations. It finds that there is no single, dominant relationship but rather a complex pattern of cooperation, conflict and indifference.

This article examines the involvement of civil society organizations (CSOs) in UK industrial relations. Organizations of this type, including advocacy, campaigning, identity and community organizations have attracted increasing attention from employment relations scholars in recent years. The study reported in this article demonstrates that CSOs have become increasingly activein the sphere of work and employment, partly in response to trade union decline but also owing to political opportunities, afforded by the labour market policy of the New Labour government. It is claimed that CSOs operate at multiple levels of the industrial relations system and interact with the state, employers and trade unions. They generate significant effects within UK industrial relations and can rightly be judged significant 'new actors' on the UK employment scene.

This study explores how people speak about their experiences of homelessness, and how these experiences have affected their identity claims and their mental health. The mental health of the homeless population is a growing concern for the UK government and non-governmental agencies. There is however, little research looking at the mental health needs of homeless people and their experiences. For this study, a qualitative, narrative approach was used. Eight people were interviewed who described themselves as homeless. The subsequent data were analysed through a narrative analysis process paying particular attention to how people construct their identities. Although each participant is homeless, they speak about their experiences very differently. People's identities have been affected by their experiences, and because of the trauma and indignity of homelessness, their identities have had to be reshaped. While it might be considered normal for people's identities to relate to families and occupation, homeless people construct identities around illness, drugs and exclusion. Experiences of homelessness negatively affect people's sense of identity to destructive proportions. Nevertheless, participants demonstrate a way of coping by forming strong opinions about policy and service provision.

Through a case study contrasting the impacts of formalised and informal teleworking practices on office-based workers, multidimensional dilemmas between flexibility, control and equity are uncovered. Formal schemes, although problematic and rare, possess some advantages in resolving the three dimensions. A model is proposed to test findings further.

This paper is based on a survey of charity accounts undertaken for the Office for National Statistics during the period 1995–1996, and reviews current charity accounting practices of some of these charities in 1994/5 prior to the inception of the new accounting regime from 1996. We look at the accounting practices identified by Bird and provide a comparison between the original Bird analysis in 1981 and current practices in 1994/5. We also consider smaller surveys undertaken in 1989 and 1990. The paper concludes that whilst there has been some progress – particularly among larger charities – since the Bird study there are still major accounting anomalies and examples of poor practice. The paper calls upon auditing firms to be less tolerant of inadequate sets of accounts and points to their pivotal role in improving charity accounting pratices.

Problem: Stress at the work place has become an increasing phenomenon due to external factors such as technological advancement, changes in the economy of a country which might lead to becoming redundant and so on. Stress can be considered as an inevitable condition at least at one point in time or another, however it can also be minimized to the extent that the productive organization. Stress is also bound to occur in multinational companies where operation is global and employees have different cultural background. The paper focuses on the level of stress being found among individuals at workplace in Indian context, with understanding the problems faced due to stress on the basis of gender, and also to study employees' perception towards stress, and to suggest measures to both management and employees to deal with stress. The finding of the paper reveals that more or less stress is being experienced by the individuals at workplace. Excessive workload and organizational conflict are the major causes of workplace stress. Lifestyle imbalance is the common result of stress among both the genders. It also finds that the management can play a vital role by providing training, recreational activities, meditation and yoga classes to the employees for managing stress at work.Purpose: Our purpose for this study is to have a clear understanding of the causes of stress at a multinational company and how Stress by the employees as well as the company's management are managed or handled.Methodology: This thesis has been made using qualitative approach, with a descriptive and exploratory case study approach. The data used are collected through conducting semi-structured interviews.