Across the country, urban leaders are developing arts-focused urban policy, but much remains unknown about artists' geography-particularly in contracting, rustbelt cities. Using Cuyahoga County, Ohio, this article describes the geography of artists and explores methodologies for predicting artist-concentrated neighborhoods. The research questions if, and how, scholars can predict artist neighborhoods and design policies to support and nurture these locations. It maps and analyzes existing patterns using survey, property, and Census data, and predicts artist-friendly neighborhoods via a regression model. The analysis reveals neighborhoods' residual capacity for artists and directs initial policy recommendations for an artist-focused vacant land reutilization initiative. For scholars, the findings contribute to a rapidly growing body of literature about the relationship between artists, neighborhood revitalization, and urban policy. For practitioners, the research investigates one strategy for shaping land policy in the post-2008 housing market.Across the country, city leaders, urban planners, and others are developing urban policy targeting artists and the arts. In planning practice and scholarship, artists and their role in revitalizing cities is a "hot topic." At the same time, much is still unknown about artists as a unique population group (if they are even a unique group), their residential and workplace geography, their preferences for housing and work space, and the ability to design policies that reinforce and promote artist neighborhoods. Much of the existing literature on the subject emphasizes booming, large cities, while neglecting moderate-sized, contracting, rust belt locations. This is despite the fact that these cities are also energetically turning to the arts and artists as one avenue of hope after decades of disinvestment.
This article analyzes community-based organizations’ (CBOs) use of historic preservation as a means of stabilizing low-income neighborhoods. It chronicles the experience of two foundational cases— Pittsburgh’s Manchester Citizens Corporation (MCC) and Cincinnati’s Mt. Auburn Good Housing Foundation (MAGHF), which undertook nationally recognized historic preservation projects in the 1970s. The MAGHF, although a precedent for the more successful MCC, ultimately dissolved under the weight of resident dissent and financial pressures. The research discusses the complexities of using preservation in low-income areas and assesses the reasons leading to success and/or failure.
This article analyzes the intersection of historic preservation and city planning in post-WWII Philadelphia. Using over forty-five area plans, the city’s 1960 Comprehensive Plan, and contemporary media reports, the article explores the relationship between the Philadelphia City Planning Commission and the Philadelphia Historical Commission, the first citywide preservation commission in the United States. The article debunks the conventional wisdom that midcentury clearance and redevelopment strategies galvanized the historic preservation movement. Rather, the Philadelphia case demonstrates that the preservation community adopted a narrow definition of “historic,” while a rehabilitation ethic permeated the Planning Commission’s conservative approach to renewal, ultimately resulting in the retention of existing buildings, the integration of older fabric with modern infill, and the implicit preservation of much of the city’s residential built environment.
The process of understanding the history of a place, movement, or profession can be a complex, multidisciplinary, and controversial endeavor. The three texts reviewed here contribute to a scholarly discussion of how a better knowledge of the past helps us understand the present. While all three vary greatly in focus, each emphasizes the importance of interpreting, dissecting, and researching historical events. Public History and the Environment, edited by Martin V. Melosi and Philip Scarpino, explores the need for and benefits of improved historical research related to the environmental movement. Max Page and Randall Mason's, Giving Preservation a History, delves into the various histories of the historic preservation field. The edited volume by John J. Czaplicka and Blair A. Ruble, Composing Urban History and the Constitution of Civic Identities, discusses the complex landscape of post-authoritarian cities and the influence of the physical environment and local history in the formation of civic identities.Inherent in many of the discussions presented within these volumes is the question of what history people choose to associate with and how history and identity is officially and unofficially represented. The cities discussed in Czaplicka and Ruble's volume have complicated and layered histories that contribute to the local identity that residents of the city construct through 502
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