Catalyst impact on membrane life was examined using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, hydrogen peroxide soak, and open-circuit decay. The catalysts PtFe/C and PtNi/C were found to leach ϳ2ϫ less platinum than Pt/C. Nafion in hydrogen peroxide with Ni 2+ emitted ϳ100ϫ less fluoride than with Fe 2+ . At open circuit, Nafion 111 was found to fail at ϳ115, 315, and 520 h with PtFe/C, Pt/C, and PtNi/C cathodes, respectively, at 90°C. It is hypothesized that if the leached cation does not directly impact the membrane decay, e.g., a "poor Fenton reagent," then other cations such as dissolved platinum ions may become critical.
Strain-hardening cement-based composites (SHCC) are a class of fiber-reinforced cementitious materials, which exhibits large non-elastic deformations and high strain capacity under tensile loading. Mix design, mechanical performance under quasi-static and impact loading as well as durability properties of SHCC has been intensively investigated in the last two decades. Furthermore, a number of pilot and real applications in the practice of construction have been reported. However, there is still a considerable lack of knowledge regarding the behavior of material under cyclic loading. The paper at hand gives an overview of the authors work on the fatigue behavior of SHCC. Starting at the single fiber level, deterioration processes caused by different cyclic loading scenarios are presented and discussed. Next, the fatigue behavior of composite material is studied accompanied by morphological investigation of crack patterns and fracture surfaces. Finally, a practical application of SHCC in road construction is presented highlighting the advantages of using this high-performance material.
K E Y W O R D Sdeterioration processes, modeling approach, practical application, SHCC
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.