The liquification of the corpus vitreum by ultrasound is a promising new alternative to presently used mechanical methods of vitrectomy. With regard to the duration time of insonation, as well as to the ultrasonic intensity, there exist thresholds, the exceeding of which causes a discontinuous breakdown of the vitreous frame in a spherical zone around the transducer tip which can be verified by ultrasonic pulse echo methods. Viscosity measurements showed that the vitreous isonified in this area has almost the same viscosity as water whereas its optical transparency remains unchanged. The dependence of the diameter of the liquified zone on insonation time was measured.
The Intrahepatic Porto-Caval Shunt Summary. The transjugular transhepatie route to the Portal vein has some advantages for the surgeon, if he wants to perform a porto-caval shunt. Different kinds of intrahepatic porto-caval shunts were tested in dogs to show a possible application in man. An operative technique with drilling sharp catheters proved to be specially useful. A rotating catheter with a suctioning device was able to cut a shunt from a hepatic vein to the portal vein.
Intrahepatische oder extrahepatische Faktoren können eine Abflußbehinderung des Pfortaderblutes verursachen und damit· zu einer Druckerhöhung in der Pfortader führen. Dadurch kommt es unter Umgehung der Leber zur Bildung eines Kollateralkreislaufes und in der Folge zu lebensbedrohlichen Blutungen. Es wurde ein Gerät entwickelt, mit den?, es möglich ist, eine Verbindung des Pfortaderkreislaufes mit der unteren Hohlvene zu schaffen und somit eine Druckentlastung herbeizuführen. Zwei ineinanderliegende Katheter werden über die obere Hohlvene, das Herz und die untere Hohlvene in eine Lebervene eingeführt. Der innere Katheter, der einen Arbeitskopf trägt, wird rotierend vorgeschoben und dadurch ein intrahepatischer portocävaler Shunt gelegt.
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